tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-9845176916361608282024-02-20T17:13:02.665-08:00Write essay onlineArgumentative Essay Topics About Self Imagegeorgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-64892550900967035552020-08-26T17:25:00.001-07:002020-08-26T17:25:04.902-07:00Free Essays on Elementary SchoolsIn the book The Battle for History, John Keegan, discusses the a wide range of perspectives on World War II. He considers other authentic works, for example, Robert M. Kennedyââ¬â¢s The German Campaign in Poland, Christopher Duffyââ¬â¢s Red Storm on the Reich, The Struggle for Europe by Chester Wilmot and numerous others. He has just broke down these different works. He has summed up the authorsââ¬â¢ significant focuses and utilized them to help his own hypothesis, despite the fact that Keeganââ¬â¢s hypothesis about the recorded history of the war is very muddled. The main hypothesis that I could determine, is that ââ¬Å"[it] has not yet been written.â⬠(30) What does he mean by this? The works refered to in the rear of the book number more than one hundred fifty. Various references are made to crafted by different creators. Keegan doesn't appear to tell anything from his point of view, however state what he has perused. All great and well considering this is histor y, however are the past occasions so obviously unchangeable? Keegan appears to raise inquiries all through the book, for example, did Roosevelt know about the assault on Pearl Harbor before it occurred? ââ¬Å"There have likewise been investigations of the charge that Roosevelt had foresight yet decided not to follow up on it, as a methods for carrying the United States into the Second World War on the counter Axis side.â⬠(17) Keegan doesn't do a lot to respond to these inquiries, basically carries them into the image. The book gives no vibe of completion or goals to the majority of the inquiries he realizes. Perhaps this was his motivation. Points in the book up starting with one spot then onto the next. In one section Keegan might be talking about the utilization of the Enigma, a business figure machine; in the following Keegan may start examining the utilization of U-vessels. In spite of the fact that there is some intelligent course through the book, generally the subjects are jittery, making the work be uneven and jumbled prattling. It appears as though the creator is attempting to press as much as possible into as hardly any pages as could be expected under the circumstances. Keegan does, how... Free Essays on Elementary Schools Free Essays on Elementary Schools In the book The Battle for History, John Keegan, discusses the a wide range of perspectives on World War II. He considers other chronicled works, for example, Robert M. Kennedyââ¬â¢s The German Campaign in Poland, Christopher Duffyââ¬â¢s Red Storm on the Reich, The Struggle for Europe by Chester Wilmot and numerous others. He has just broke down these different works. He has summed up the authorsââ¬â¢ significant focuses and utilized them to help his own hypothesis, in spite of the fact that Keeganââ¬â¢s hypothesis about the recorded history of the war is very hazy. The main hypothesis that I could determine, is that ââ¬Å"[it] has not yet been written.â⬠(30) What does he mean by this? The works refered to in the rear of the book number more than one hundred fifty. Various references are made to crafted by different creators. Keegan doesn't appear to tell anything from his point of view, yet state what he has perused. All great and well considering this is history, however are the past occasions so unmistakably unchangeable? Keegan appears to raise inquiries all through the book, for example, did Roosevelt know about the assault on Pearl Harbor before it occurred? ââ¬Å"There have likewise been investigations of the claim that Roosevelt had prescience however decided not to follow up on it, as a methods for carrying the United States into the Second World War on the counter Axis side.â⬠(17) Keegan doesn't do a lot to respond to these inquiries, basically carries them into the image. The book gives no vibe of completion or goals to the majority of the inquiries he achieves. Possibly this was his motivation. Points in the book up starting with one spot then onto the next. In one section Keegan might be examining the utilization of the Enigma, a business figure machine; in the following Keegan may start talking about the utilization of U-vessels. In spite of the fact that there is some sensible course through the book, generally the subje cts are jittery, making the work be uneven and jumbled chattering. It appears as though the creator is attempting to press as much as possible into as barely any pages as could reasonably be expected. Keegan does, how... georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-8864642643706572642020-08-22T08:57:00.001-07:002020-08-22T08:57:25.599-07:00Essay Analysis The Structure And Language Of The Declaration Of Independence Example For StudentsArticle Analysis The Structure And Language Of The Declaration Of Independence WR122 paper, utilizing Jeffersons ââ¬Å"Declaration of Independenceâ⬠as a model-RJThe Declaration of LanguageWhen, over the span of human language, it gets fundamental for individuals tocreate or reclassify, words or expressions to communicate an item or an activity; and to assume,among society, the acknowledgment and use of these words and their definitions, in onesown language, or idiolect. A better than average regard to the assessments of humankind, requires thatAmericans ought to perceive slang embraced into language. We hold these facts to act naturally clear: that language is articulation of thought,in the type of discourse or composed images, that have settled upon implications. That, manylarge communicating in dialects contain lingos, or different adaptations of dialects inside acommunity, that are diverse in certain parts of punctuation, articulation, or jargon. That, since language is a type of ones own thoughts and articulation, everybody possesseshis or her own individual language, or idiolect. That, not exclusively does observation changelanguage, yet that language changes discernment. That, through the course of history,idiolects have molded tongues, which have formed language, which thus, have shapedconcepts. Traditionalists, to be sure, will direct that dialects will observe a restricted pathtoward a standard language. What's more, in like manner, articulation will observe the standards andguidelines that breaking point thought, instead of the capacity to reconsider old jargon and enrichnew ones. At the point when we talk, compose, learn, and think in a gradually advancing jargon, whichdoes not adjust to the more quick presentation of societies, ideas, style, andtechnology, we should add new importance to traditional vocabulary.Such has been thelanguage of Conservative American English speakers and scholars, who have discouragedthe ut ilization of inventive language and the utilization of lingos and idiolects. Numerous people havenot saw that new jargon is, at commonly, embraced into ones language. A largenumber of slang words and expressions have been viewed as standard in todays every day discourse. To demonstrate this, let us guarantee a couple of the many slang terms that have been received. Slang has been utilized, where different words appeared to be unfit to portray an idea orfeeling:ââ¬Å"Awesome.â⬠ââ¬Å"Radical.â⬠ââ¬Å"Cool.â⬠ââ¬Å"Far Outâ⬠New words that were made to depict new technology:A ââ¬Å"cellularâ⬠or cell phone. The ââ¬Å"internetâ⬠or the PC and modem got to data roadway. ââ¬Å"Electronic mailâ⬠or PC created mail. A ââ¬Å"beeperâ⬠or an electronic paging gadget. Allegories, metaphors, and innovativeness likewise make slang:A weakling is a ââ¬Å"chicken.â⬠Money is ââ¬Å"bread.â⬠A ââ¬Å"rideâ⬠is a vehicle. One thousand dollars is a ââ¬Å"grand.â⬠People eat ââ¬Å"grub.â⬠Smoking weed is a similar thing as smoking ââ¬Å"weedâ⬠or ââ¬Å"pot.â⬠A can is the ââ¬Å"John.â⬠A latrine is the ââ¬Å"can.â⬠A can is the ââ¬Å"hole.â⬠A ââ¬Å"Copâ⬠is police officer. A ââ¬Å"Pigâ⬠is additionally a police officer. In the event that something is ââ¬Å"badâ⬠it is truly ââ¬Å"good.â⬠Those who are ââ¬Å"plasteredâ⬠are smashed. The individuals who are ââ¬Å"hammeredâ⬠are tanked. Individuals who are driving excessively not far behind another vehicle are ââ¬Å"tailgating.â⬠Slang, additionally develops as phrases:A individual ââ¬Å"Kicking Back,â⬠is unwinding. ââ¬Å"Cut to the chaseâ⬠or arrive at the point. Acknowledge the results, or ââ¬Å"face the music.â⬠ââ¬Å"Two pennies worth,â⬠or a conclusion. ââ¬Å"The entire nine yardsâ⬠or everything. In the English language, we have requested of for the utilization of slang in language. Butour inventive language has been viewed as pointless to traditionalists of standardEnglish. Traditionalists, who themselves use jargon that was one after another consideredslang, are unfit to contend against it. Each language around the globe embraces slang that, at a certain point, was considerednonstandard to most of the individuals. Slang is utilized to give new shades ofmeaning. Slang is shared by presenting new ideas, similarly as new articles and thoughts areshared. All jargon sets up its significance through the acknowledgment of its idea intoones language.We must keep on communicating considerations through ones decision oflanguage, and acknowledge them, as we would acknowledge the significance of inventiveness and creativitywithin people. .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 , .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 .postImageUrl , .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 , .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98:hover , .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98:visited , .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98:active { border:0!important; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98:active , .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98:hover { haziness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content improvement: underline; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content beautification: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ufec33e5f6053c642 a852af290ca71e98 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ufec33e5f6053c642a852af290ca71e98:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Art Budget Cuts EssayWe, along these lines, the agents of an etymological society, do, in the Name, and byauthority of speakers and scholars of English, announce that slang revives language withnew ideas, thoughts, and intrigue; that slang permits language to develop with society; thatthere are no deciding elements in pronouncing a ââ¬Å"trueâ⬠language; and, that language containsvocabulary where its implications are changed and new ones are presented. Put your paper here. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-35274520355880281842020-08-21T05:57:00.001-07:002020-08-21T05:57:51.996-07:00Application Overload! - UGA Undergraduate AdmissionsApplication Overload! - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Application Overload! There is an interesting article out today that is a collaboration between The New York Times and The Chronicle of Higher Education titled Application Inflation: When is Enough Enough?. It is a very good read, and it deals with an important issue in College Admissions. The main focus of the story is about the balance of recruiting and getting a large number of students applying to a college in order to either have a stronger freshman class or to make your college look more selective by having a smaller admit rate (or both). This is a serious issue in college admissions these days, and one that does not have an easy answer. While I cannot speak for other college admissions offices, I will say that UGA does not want students to apply to us just to inflate the application numbers. If UGA is not a good fit for you as a college, I will not take is personally if you do not apply here. My belief has always been that a student should find a small number of colleges that fit their criteria, and they should not blanket the nation with admissions applications. While UGA wants to have a great pool of applicants to make our freshman class great, we do not want to mislead students about their chances, or use them as a pawn in the admissions guidebook ratings game. I am guessing that a majority of colleges feel the same way. One of my earliest posts on this blog was about the comparison between admissions and dating, with a focus on finding the right match. When my daughter reaches high school in three years and hits that scary world of dating, I am not going to suggest that she try to get as many date requests as possible just so she can reject a lot of boys and seem more selective. (On a side note though, I do hope that having a dad who works in UGAs admission office might make any potential boyfriends think twice about how they act!). Admissions decisions should not be about how either the college or the applicant is perceived by the outside world, but instead should be about how good a fit there is between student and university. The process should not be a contest about how many applicants a college denied, or about how many institutions a student was admitted to, but about what seems the best fit for both sides. And just so you know, if UGA were to have a 43% increase in applications from last year like the U. of Chicago did last year (I do not expect this!), this would mean almost 26,000 applicants, which would scare me to death! In my area in operations and selection, we are running a fine line in how many applicants we can handle, so adding another 8,000 or so applicants to the pool would overwhelm our office. UGA does want to continue to have great students consider us as a possible college match, and we would love to see our student body grow even stronger academically and personally. We communicate with prospective students, visit high schools, attend college fairs, etc., all to both help the prospective student know more about UGA and to recruit a strong class. But we do not want applications just for numbers sake. We want a good match, and so should you, and we wish you well in your college search! georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-86608391210489321242020-05-24T17:49:00.001-07:002020-05-24T17:49:04.826-07:00Italian Simple Prepositions - Preposizioni Semplici Simple prepositions in Italian, or preposizioni semplici, are the magical little words that allow us to connectà the meaning, details, and specificity of actions: with whom we are doing something, for what, to what end, where, and where to. They are a neat little bunch, easy to remember,à and this is the order in which they are taught to Italian children. Italian Simple Prepositions List Di of (possessive), from, about 1. La moto à ¨ di Paolo. 2. Paolo à ¨ di Firenze. 3. Muoio di sete. 4. Parlo di Lucia. 1. The motorcycle is Paolo's. 2. Paolo is from Florence. 3. I am dying of thirst. 4. I am speaking about Lucia. A to, at, in 1. Vivo a Milano. 2. Vado a Milano. 3. A scuola ci sono molti bambini. 4. Non credo alle favole. 1. I live in Milano. 2. I am going to Milano. 3. At school there are many children. 4. I don't believe in fairy tales. Da from, from this moment on, around, through, over, to 1. Vengo da Milano. 2. Da domani non lavoro. 3. Abito da quella parte. 4. Da quella strada non si passa. 5. Vado da Piera. 1. I am from Milano. 2. From tomorrow on I am not working. 3. I live around that way. 3. You can't get there from that road. 4. I am going to Piera's. In in, at, to 1. Vivo in Germania. 2. Sono in palestra. 3. Vado in biblioteca. 1. I live in Germany. 2. I am at the gym. 3. I am going to the library. Con with, by means of/through 1. Vengo con te. 2. Con determinazione ha conseguito la laurea. 1. I am coming with you. 2. Through determination, she won her degree. Su on, on top of, concerning, about 1. Il libro à ¨ su una sedia. 2. Su questo non ci sono dubbi. 3. Scrivo un tema su Verga. 1. The book is on a chair. 2. About this, there are no doubts. 3. I am writing an essay about Verga. Per for, by way of or through, according to, in order to 1. Questo libro à ¨ per te. 2. Passo per Torino. 3. Per me hai ragione. 4. Il negozio à ¨ chiuso per due giorni. 5. Ho fatto di tutto per andare in vacanza. 1. This book is for you. 2. I am going by way of Torino. 3. According to me, you are right. 4. The shop is closed for two days. 5. I did everything in order to go on vacation. Tra between, in 1. Tra noi ci sono due anni di differenza. 2. Ci vediamo tra un'ora. 1. Between us there are two years' difference. 2. We'll see each other in an hour. Fra between, in 1. Fra noi non ci sono segreti. 2. Fra un anno avrai finito. 1. Between us there are no secrets. 2. In a year you will be finished. A or In? Note that in talking about living in a location, in and a can be somewhat confusing, but there are some simple rules: A is used for a city or a town;à in is used for a country or an island. For a state of the United States or a region of Italy, you would use in.à Abito a Venezia (I live in Venice); abito a Orvietoà (I live in Orvieto); abito a New York (I live in New York).Abito in Germania (I live in Germany); abito in Sicilia (I live in Sicily); abito in Nebraska (I live in Nebraska); abito in Toscana (I live in Tuscany).à Those rules hold with verbs of movement as well: Vado in Toscana (I am going to Tuscany); vado a New York (I am going to New York); vado in Nebraska (I am going to Nebraska); vado in Sicilia (I am going to Sicily).à If you are outside your home and you are going inside, you say, vado in casa; if you are out and about and you are going home, you say, vado a casa. In speaking about going or being somewhere habitual without specificity, you use in: Studio in biblioteca. I am studying at the library.à Vado in chiesa. I am going to church.à Andiamo in montagna. We are going to the mountains. If you are talking about going to a specific church or library or mountain, you would use a:à Vado alla biblioteca di San Giovanni (I am going to the San Giovanni library). Di or Da?à When discussing provenance, you useà dià with the verbà essereà butà daà with other verbs such asà venireà orà provenire.à Di dove sei? Sono di Cetona.à Where are you from (literally, whence you come)? From Cetona.à Da dove vieni? Vengo da Siena.à Where do you come/hailà from? I come from Siena.à Remember that different verbs call for different prepositions, and often you will find those specified in an Italian language dictionary: parlare di/con (to speak about/with), dare a (to give to), telefonare a (to call to).à In terms of verbs of movement, venire wants to be followed byà da. Some verbs can have either:à andare, for example, when used as leaving from somewhere:à Me ne vado di quià orà me ne vado da qui (I am leaving here).à As you know, the prepositionà dià expresses possession as well as place of origin: Di chi à ¨ questa rivista?à ÃË di Lucia.à Whoseà magazine is this?à Itââ¬â¢s Luciaââ¬â¢s.Questa macchina à ¨ di Michele. This car is Micheles. A good way to remember the preposition of originà daà and ofà possessionà dià is to think of names of famous Italian artists: among the many, Leonardoà da Vinci (from Vinci), Gentile da Fabriano (from Fabriano), Benedetto di Bindo (Bindos Benedetto), and Gregorio di Cecco (Ceccos Gregorio). Dià and da also can meanà ofà as in a cause of something:à Muoio di noia.à I am dying of boredom.Mi hai fatto ammalare di stress.à You made me sick from stress.Ho la febbreà da fieno. I have hay fever (fever from hay). Da as To Someones Place Among the prepositions, da is one of the most maddening. Granted, it connects to many meanings: provenance (from a place or from something); a complement of time (from now on), and even aà causal complement, such as to cause something: un rumore da ammattire (a noise such as to drive you crazy); una polvere da accecare (a dust such as to blind you). Also, it can define the purpose of some nouns:à Macchina da cucire: sewing machineOcchiali da vista: eyeglassesPiatto da minestra: soup bowlBiglietto da visita: calling card But one of the most interesting (and counterintuitive) is its meaning as someones place, a bit like the French chez. In that capacity, it meansà at: Vado a mangiare da Marco. I am going to eat at Marcos.Vieni da me? Are you coming to me/to my place?Porto la torta dalla Maria.à I am taking the cake to Marias.à Vado dal barbiere. I am going to the barbers (literally, to the barbers place).Vado dal fruttivendolo. I am going to the fruit and vegetable store (to the place of the man who sells fruits and vegetables). Articulated Prepositions The last threeà sentences above bring us to articulated prepositions, which amount to prepositions added to the articles preceding nouns. You are ready: Delve in! Alla prossima volta! To the next time! georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-87409489563116989922020-05-14T00:48:00.001-07:002020-05-14T00:48:03.619-07:00Plagiarism And Its Impact On Ethics - 939 Words Plagiarism ââ¬Å"Plagiarism is defined as the borrowing of ideas, opinions, examples, key words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, or even structure from another person s work, including work written or produced by others without proper acknowledgment.â⬠- The definiton of plagiarism is taken from the mentioned link :https://www.ucmo.edu/student/documents/honest.pdf Is it ubiquitous in education sector ? Well ,Yes ! The internet is taken by storm on the number of research papers, articles and blogs on the cited topic : Academic Plagiarism is achieved by falsify/ fabricate/rob the information in scholarly education to clinch success has an humongous impact on ethics, originality and honesty of the individual .To eulogize onesââ¬â¢ work (papers/ research/articles) plagiarist have taken any medium to amplify triumph . Forms of Academic Plagiarism : The following are different forms in which academic plagiarism are performed. a. Rephrase : The plagiarist predominantly thinks the act of escaping infringement is simply rephrasing the words and altering the sentence of the original works in the assignments / papers. b. Without Acknowledging the source: The trend to imposter maverickââ¬â¢s work as your own in research / theses without citing the source is another form where the fraudster ethics attributes the lame success of cheating. c. Lifting Information : The unexceptional way of copying the data with cut and copy from the source to either avoid the last minute rush to complete theShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Reasons For Plagiarism1459 Words à |à 6 PagesPlagiarism is the process of taking some one else work or ideas and showing it as their own works (Oxford Dictionaries). The purpose of this study is to understand 6 different ethical reasons used by student to overcome with plagiarism and with help of these ethical reason, faculties can bring a solution to stop or prevent plagiarism. Where as unethical behavior can also lead to worries in school or colleges, so there is need to correct it so that it has positive impact on organizational ethics.Read MoreThe Importance of Ethics Academically and Professionally Essay1261 Words à |à 6 Pagesparticular assignment was turned in, they was guilty of plagiarism. Consequently they received a zero on the assignment which resulted in them ultimately failing the cla ss. 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Plagiarism acts as a fastidious, pathogenic, virus infecting others with a mentality of mediocrity andRead MoreAcademic Ethics And Academic Integrity Essay1276 Words à |à 6 PagesAcademic ethics are the moral codes or the shared standards of an academic enterprise and the core of its success (Occiden tal College, 2016). Basically, academic ethics require each student, to be honest, responsible, fair, respectful, give credit where it is due, turn in their original work, and etc. (Michigan State University, n.d.). Academic integrity requires students to do their own work without unauthorized help from others, cheating, lying, plagiarizing, and stealing (Valdosta State UniversityRead MoreBYOD Meets Big Data1210 Words à |à 5 Pagesemployees. Dooly, M., Antoniadou, V. (2017). Educational ethnography in blended learning environments. Qualitative approaches to research on plurilingual education, 351-362. In this article, the writer has shed light on the impact of educational ethnography and its impact on enhancing the effectiveness of learning environment. The writer has also explained the term educational ethnography by stating that according to this term the research that is organized by the researchers should have original georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-76494053081911941722020-05-06T14:31:00.001-07:002020-05-06T14:31:06.360-07:00The Top Secret Details About Looking for a Student to Write My Paper That Many People Do Not Know AboutThe Top Secret Details About Looking for a Student to Write My Paper That Many People Do Not Know About The best method to purchase a research paper on the internet is through us. There are two sorts of research papers you'll be able to acquire online sample papers and custom written papers. 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It's crucial that the service you select knows for sure they're only employing the ideal essay writers. They could need to keep up a fantastic grade average to make certain they get in the school of their pick. AP courses are classes provided in high school that are thought to be college level. Also, as there are occasions when the educational college will hold one or more celebration at the same time, you may need to depend on a few other youngsters for newsprint photos, simply because they aren't part of the picture taking team. At the close of the training course, AP students have the option to choose the exam. There's a great deal of makers by having a deal that's great of that chance to be self-taught. In fact, there's a good deal of advantages to getting a diploma in graphics design that might help you in both the upcoming career, and directly to be fashion designer. 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If both of these guarantees aren't met then you ought to find paper writing services. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-74827277761591100742020-05-05T15:28:00.001-07:002020-05-05T15:28:06.631-07:00Music and History Essay Example For Students Music and History Essay Hildebrand von Binge Play of Virtues At the beginning of the song, it wasnt singing instead she was talking. Then she started to sing right after she was done talking. I couldnt follow the translation because it sounded like Latin or French. I kept listening to it over and over but I couldnt understand what the words meant. She does have the most beautiful voice though. She sounds like an opera singer. I noticed when she hit high notes she sounded off key. It was way too high pitch and much louder, and stronger vocal. At the point when she went back to normal pitch, it sounds so much better and was a little quiet. The background sounds like music in a catholic church. I believe it is an chapel music with solo vocal without instrumental sound. In this song, the most striking feature is chapel music with monophonic texture. I think this song is successful because it is very calm and smooth background although some pitches are way too high for her to sing. She reached her highest pitch at 3:18 in the song. Music and History By diethylstilbestrol georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-16574384660829024352020-04-03T18:55:00.001-07:002020-04-03T18:55:03.141-07:00Fifth Child Doris Lessing free essay sample To my mind this book written by Doris Lessing is very difficult to understand. ââ¬Å"The Fifth Childâ⬠is a very controversial story. It is about a young couple and its five children. Harriet and David want to have a big family and everything is perfect. They live happily together although they have financial difficulties. Family life is rather busy but everything goes its way until Ben ââ¬â the fifth child ââ¬â is born. Ben has a very aggressive character and he is emotionally and mentally handicapped. A child who canââ¬â¢t be socialized and thus in the end his behaviour is responsible for the destruction of the whole family. Doris Lessing plays with her readersââ¬â¢ emotions and their traditional views concerning children and family life.à In general children are regarded as nice human beings who can be easily be loved. But reality shows a different picture. Every family makes the experience that children arenââ¬â¢t always easy to handle but Ben in the ââ¬Å"The Fifth Childâ⬠is really a monster ââ¬â a human creature full of aggression and violence and there is no way to change his change his behaviour a nightmare for every family. We will write a custom essay sample on Fifth Child Doris Lessing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Doris Lessing shows us that it is difficult to integrate some human beings into society. There are many reasons why children / people are socially and emotionally disturbed and it is clear that they produce many problems for their social surrounding as well as for society. There still remain many important questions for which it is necessary to find answers. i.e. ââ¬Å"How can society treat these handicapped people in a human way?â⬠or ââ¬Å"What can society do in order to support parents by bringing up handicapped children?â⬠or ââ¬Å"How can they be integrated into social life?â⬠or ââ¬Å"What are the reasons why people are handicapped? ââ¬Å"Is it possible to find solutions for their problems? ââ¬Å"What is needed to help them?à Lessing tells us that society is rather unable to deal with these problemsà and the frightening solution is the breakdown of Harrietââ¬â¢s and Davidââ¬â¢s family which could stand for our whole society. Furthermore Lessing tells us that we are full of unrealistic views concerning family life. We all are influenced by the traditional thinking having a house, having children should make us happy. But happiness never comes into being by having things or a family. We are ourselves responsible for happiness and one thing is clear as reality shows happiness canââ¬â¢t be planned. There are always obstacles presented by life which we have to overcome or not. Lessing presents us family life as a planned time of life which can be handled if everybody only wants to live together and to raise children this works until the time when Ben is born but then everything is different.à Many of us regard family as a community within which we can feel at ease. We think that a family helps us to relax from the stress at work but in reality family can be a place where people feel extremely unhappy, exhausted and exploited. It is a fact that family is presented us an ideal institution by various institutions i.e. church, conservative politicians, advertising. But nowadays times are different and people have the choice between the traditional way of living and new forms of relationship. To sum it up I think this book is at first sight not easy to understand. But if you take a closer look it tells you much about our modern society. To a huge extent it is frightening how Lessing develops a family drama. Until the end of the story you hope for a happy end but it doesnââ¬â¢t come. To my mind the description of Benââ¬â¢s behaviour mainly his aggression and violence is so authentic that it is difficult to bear because reading about this produces so much bad feelings and I personally feel shocked about the fact that it is so easy that a family is totally destroyed by the misbehaviour of one member. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-67363862637416252912020-03-08T10:40:00.001-07:002020-03-08T10:40:02.870-07:00Microsoft Debate EssayMicrosoft Debate Essay Microsoft Debate Essay Name Bibles Microeconomics 10 February 2014 Microsoft Debate There was a debate over the status of Microsoft Corporation from a business standpoint. They supply the operating system to about ninety percent of computers but they do not have a clear-cut competitor when it comes to prices. Does this make them a monopoly? Do they purposefully keep prices low to discourage other computer companies from being able to compete with them? The question for lawmakers became: ââ¬Å"Does Microsoftââ¬â¢s business strategy break any anti-trust laws?â⬠Many different computer programs are automatically designed to be compatible with the Microsoft operating system. Personally, I donââ¬â¢t think that you can blame Microsoft for the actions of other computer programming companies. The inadvertent effect of the programming companiesââ¬â¢ actions is that computer users are being encouraged to purchase Microsoft computers to ensure that their programs will be compatible. I donââ¬â¢t think this implication is enough to claim that Microsoft is a monopoly but the courts felt as if it was. Also, they are a good business where they do not totally take all of the business of the market and act as a total monopoly. Microsoft do almost have a complete control of the Operating System Market where almost 93% of computers are programmed with Windows instead of Mac OSX or a Linux Distro. Microsoft was charged with ââ¬Å"1. Monopolizing the computer operating system market, 2. Integrating the Internet Explorer web browser into the operating system in an attempt to eliminate competition from Netscape, and 3. Using its market power to form anticompetitive agreements with producers of related goods,â⬠(South-western College). Microsoft was said in court to be a monopoly and the decision of the judge and punishment was for Microsoftââ¬â¢s corporation to be split into two different corporations. One corporation would handle the operating system and the other corporation would handle the software and program development. This did not happen. Microsoft went through a series of appeals and their appeal even made it to the Supreme Court. Their appeal was denied by the Supreme Court and the Federal georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-10416773864795165932020-02-21T01:06:00.001-08:002020-02-21T01:06:02.823-08:00Training and development in Human Resources Management (HRM) EssayTraining and development in Human Resources Management (HRM) - Essay Example On the similar context, development can be described as the process of attaining adequate knowledge as well as skills that might be utilised even in the future (Fitzgerald, ââ¬Å"Training Versus Developmentâ⬠). Thus, development process prepares the human resources to take up further responsibilities in the future. Training and development program in an organization ensures that the skill development and up-gradation of its employees are carried-out in a structured process. It is essential for organizations in the current day context to properly train as well as develop their employees for the improvement of their business performances. This is because regular augmentation of the skills and proficiencies of the employees is necessary for developing innovative approaches for the production of new products and services in the organization (Haynes & Fryer, ââ¬Å"Human Resources, Service Quality and Performance: A Case Studyâ⬠). Thus, training and development of employees per forms an important role in the creation of innovation in the organization and also in bringing about positive organizational changes. Moreover, the training and development component of HRM plays a significant role in the succession planning of an organization. ... In the present research paper, the scope and dimension of training and development process will be attributed to a situation where the process is required to be implemented upon a newly recruited first line supervisor in a paper company, Jay Inc. The process will be imparted upon the newly recruited employee by the one previously holding the first line supervisorââ¬â¢s position and has now been promoted as store manager. The various required issues that will be essential for the promoted employee in order to impart training to the newly recruited employee will be discussed widely in this research paper. Job Analysis and Job Description Job analysis and job description are two of the most essential interconnected operations in an organization. Information about a job is collected through the process of job analysis, the findings of which are compiled in a job description. For the efficient creation of a job description, it is essential that the extent of information about the job i s kept large and wide. However, the information quality is the greatest determinant of the successful accomplishment of job analysis and job description. The collection process of information should be concentrated upon collecting realistic and accurate data. In this regard, the job incumbents are the most appropriate provider of information (American University of Beirut, ââ¬Å"Job Analysis and Descriptionâ⬠). Hence, in the case of Jay Inc, crucial information about the job details of first line supervisor can easily be gathered as the task has been provided to the employee who was in the same position, a few days earlier. The main task of the first line supervisors is to direct workers in the georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-57844408233059945182020-02-05T02:53:00.001-08:002020-02-05T02:53:03.079-08:00Events Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsEvents Strategy - Essay Example To do these, Nokia forged tie ups with partners which include Microsoft Communicator Mobile, towards the enhancement of unified communications proposition (Microsoft Communicator Mobile for Nokia Debuts 2010). As a result, new applications for new handsets have been released, initially available to certain models such as E72 and E52. On top of these, there are also new features that aim at achieving customer convenience ââ¬â the touch screen feature similar to Iphone, mobile internet browsing using the latest technologies, development of Ovi maps, among others. These consumer-friendly features are what drive the company to further work on its Marketing, Advertising and Promotional activities to reach the target market. Half of the job is to continue developing the brand, while half is to continue developing the market reach through advertisements and events. Nokia was a paper and rubber business back in the 1800s, eventually transforming into a cable and electronic business during the first decades of the 1900s. In 1979, it focused on the mobile phone making business (Story of Nokia 2010). However, it was in 1992 that they made a strategic decision to focus on Telecommunications by launching its 2100 series which sold approximately 300% more than the target (Nokia History 2010). Nokia remains to be the worldââ¬â¢s top selling handset manufacturer with market share of 35% versus over ten competitor brands during the first quarter of 2010. However, this reflects a decline of 1.2% from last yearââ¬â¢s sales, presumably from the decline in sales of their high end phones. What constitutes the current market share is the presence of its mid end phones that offers both benefits and cost efficiency (Gartner Says Worldwide Mobile Phone Sales Grew 17% In First Quarter 2010). As such, with the continuous product development of the other handset manufacturers, Nokia is pressured to maintain market stature as the leading company. Nokia georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-31543631752910593172020-01-27T23:17:00.001-08:002020-01-27T23:17:03.263-08:00The strengths and limitations of duration analysisThe strengths and limitations of duration analysis As stated by the US Federal Reserve, interest rate risk impacts on a various range of stakeholders, and hence financial actors are interested in quantifying its impact. The most important practical tool to manage interest rate risk and to satisfy this main function for banks is duration analysis. In general duration Analysis is an econometric tool and in terms of Financial Economics it is defined as the mean length of time that passes until the present value is returned by a stream of fixed payments according to Macaulay (1938). Hence, Duration is a measure of the sensitivity of assetà ´s prices to interest movements. My following essay defines duration according to Macaulay and presents special terms from the practice. Moreover, it considers immunization, hedging and Duration Gap Analysis as practical applications. The next part will discuss strengths and weaknesses of duration analysis. It concludes with todays importance of Duration analysis. There are two main reasons to study Duration according to Kopprasch (2006). Firstly, firms and especially financial intermediaries have tied up huge amounts of capital in fixed income instruments. These include bonds partly with optional characteristics or recent financial innovations like swaps, interest rate options or floaters. Hence, proper hedging of these instruments becomes important. Secondly, the key figure duration provides an intuitive approach to educate potential customers. This leads to a better understanding of financial instruments in general and how they behave when interest rates change. Bodie, Kane, Marcus (2006) Empirical studies and Figure 16.1 show six bond-pricing relationships: Firstly, theres an inverse relation between bond price and yield to maturity. Secondly, an increase in a bonds yield to maturity results in a smaller price change than a decrease of equal magnitude. Thirdly, long-term bonds are more sensitive than short-term bonds. Fourthly, interest rate risk, which is measured by the sensitivity of bond prices to changes in yields, is less than proportional to bond maturity. Fifthly, there is an inverse relationship between interest rate risk and bonds coupon rate, because a bond with a higher coupon rate pays a greater percentage of its present value prior to maturity. Sixthly, the yield to maturity at which the bond is currently sold is inversely related to the sensitivity of the bonds price to a change in its yield. This five observations were described Mankiel and are known as Malkiel bond-pricing relationships. The sixth property was demonstrated by Homer and Liebowitz (1972). Ingersoll, Skelton, Weil, (1978) stated that the key figure Duratio n can be interpreted as an attempt to quantify this qualitative observations through a single and numerical measure. The duration concepts has its origins in the work of Macaulay(1938), Samuelson (1945), Hicks (1939) and Redington (1952). Macaulay(1938) defined duration as the mean length of time that pass until the present value is returned by a stream of fixed payments. The proof that duration is an elasticity was provided by Hicks in 1939. This means that the price elasticity of a bond in response to an infinitesimal change in its yield to maturity is proportional to duration. But Fisher (2006) casts doubt on Hickss derivation. Nevertheless, his proof is generally acknowledged. Redington (1952) derived the duration independently and used it for portfolio immunization. The standard definition according to Macaulay is: subject to The weight is calculated by . In the special case of a zero bond, the duration equals the maturity, because no payments occur before maturity. Kopprasch (2006) mentions several different practical methods which are based on Macauleys duration and are used in practice. Effective duration is determined by the price movement to an incremental movement while holding the option adjusted spread constant. Option adjusted Spread (OAS) is a flat spread which is added to the yield curve in a pricing model and considers options like prepayments opportunities for mortgage backed securities. Hence, OAS is model dependent and incorporates volatility like variable interest rates or prepayment rates. Portfolio duration quantifies the Duration of a portfolio of different assets. It is based on the additivity of single durations. Additivity means that the duration of a portfolio is the weighted-average of the durations of the individual securities. The weights are the current market value of each security. The term Modified duration is calculated by the formula: Furthermore, the term partial durations or key rate durations is a vector of durations, where each duration is only valid for a limited maturity range. Spread duration recognizes that a change in the spread can affect the bond. This key figure was designed especially to value floaters which trade near par by definition. It often turns out that the market doesnt seem to trade the instruments with the predicted duration. Hence, empirical duration was developed to deal with these times. It is calculated by regressing price movements of the asset versus some market benchmark. The next paragraph considers two applications of duration in risk management: Hedging and immunization for a portfolio and Duration Gap Analysis. The change in an asset price due to change in interest rates can be calculated by: Fooladi (2000) describes that the realized rate of return encompass interest accumulated from reinvestment of coupon income and the capital gain or loss at the end of the planning period when the portfolio is sold. The two components impact the realized rate of return in opposite directions. Hence, in one point the two opposite effects of coupon reinvestment and capital gain or loss offset one another. When the portfolio duration equals the length of the planning period, the portfolio is immunized and the realized return will not fall below the promised rate of return. The second described application is Duration Gap Analysis which is an extension to the immunization approach, because it includes liabilities. A main function of banks is to provide maturity transformation. Hence, banks usually have short-term liabilities and long-term assets. As a consequence of this duration mismatch and shown by the third following equation, changes in interest rates have a direct effect on the banks equity value. The gap between the durations of the assets and liabilities ( is a measure of the interest rate risk of banks equity. Fooladi (2000) describes that banks may take modest bets by setting a duration gap or set the duration gap close to zero. The second equation shows how banks can adjust their duration gap by shifting weights on assets or liabilities. Bierwag and Fooladi (2006) specify that banks use off-balance-sheet securities like interest rate futures, options and swaps to reduce adjustment time and to save costs. Despite the shown strengths, there are weaknesses in duration analysis. As one can see in Figure 16.3, Duration is only valid for small changes, because the relationship between duration and price changes is derived by a first-order Taylor series approximation. Furthermore, Mishkin/Eakins (2006) criticise that interest rate changes have to affect all rates of maturities by exactly the same amount. Generally speaking, the slope of the yield shouldnt be affected at all and the yield curve is assumed to be flat. However, the shape of the yield curve fluctuates over the business cycle and consequently this expected slope change has to be considered. The mentioned partial duration and spread duration try to handle this shortcoming. Further problems involve uncertainty over the proportion of assets and liabilities. Estimates have to consider for example prepayment of loans, customer shifts out of deposits and uncertain cash payments due to default risk according to Fooladi and Roberts (2004). As Bierwag and Kaufman (1988) showed, default alters bonds cash flows and their timing. Additionally, one has to predict the stochastic process governing interest rate movements to value options. This can create a stochastic process risk which can be quantified by approaches to to measure interest rate volatility risk. Ho (2007) states that practitioners tie duration and vega measures which specify the sensitivities to the shift in the swap curve and the volatility surface, respectively. In his approach volatility risk is measured by the value sensitivity of an option to the change in the implied volatility function at the key rate points on the curve. Ingersoll, Skelton, and Weil (1978) argue that the assumed stochastic process to develop duration models is inconsistent with equilibrium conditions. Occurring large shocks to interest rates, riskless arbitrage became possible, but on the practical side the riskless-arbitrage argument seemed hypothetical. To overcome these weaknesses, Mishkin and Eakins (2006) mentions more sophisticated approaches such as scenario analysis and value-at-risk analysis and convexity which is a second-order Taylor series approximation and can be used as a correction measure. Paroush and Prisman (1997) strengthen this assumption and show that convexity (second-order) can be more important than the duration (first order). To put it in a nutshell, with increasing complexity of securities, myriad extensions have been added to the former duration analysis founded by Macaulay to handle the occurring risks. Furthermore, different duration measures face different assumptions about slope and shape of the yield curve or the stochastic process driving interest rates. One has to take in mind how accurate these assumptions are, because as seen in the recent financial crisis failures affect the entire economy, according to my starting statement. However, duration analysis is an adaptable framework and used carefully, a tool to get a first impression of interest-rate risk. Words: 1465 georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-91873543536106905102020-01-19T19:39:00.001-08:002020-01-19T19:39:02.231-08:00Americaa Role in Iraq Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive EssaysAmerica'a Role in Iraq As Afghan opposition groups and U.S. armed forces continue their successes in the war against the Taliban and al Qaeda, the American debate has quickly turned to the question of where the fight against terrorism should go next. In numerous public statements, President Bush has talked about a wide-ranging campaign against global terrorism. He has not committed to military operations against any other countries or terrorist organizations, but he has made it clear that the broader struggle against terrorism will be a long-lasting effort that could include the use of military force in regions beyond Afghanistan. A strong case can be made that Iraq's leader, Saddam Hussein, is so threatening to his people, his neighbors, and U.S. interests that the United States should use military force, unilaterally if necessary, to overthrow him. Proponents of such an approach, however, often underestimate the costs and risks involved. Instead of mounting a U.S. attack on Iraq as part of the current campaign, the Bush administration should take advantage of its success in Afghanistan to pressure allies and regional players to isolate Saddam's regime and to reinforce deterrence in an unambiguous way. A new "Bush Doctrine" should announce that Baghdad's support for terrorist networks, transfer of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups or individuals who target the United States, or the harboring of such terrorists will be considered an act of war and lead immediately to an American military intervention to overthrow the regime. Targeting Iraq There are many potential targets for a possible post-Afghanistan phase of the warââ¬âAbu Sayyaf guerrilla bases in the Philippines, for example, as well as terrorist headquarters and training camps in Somalia, Syria, and Lebanon. But none is more consequential or more prominent in the current policy debate than Saddam Hussein's regime in Iraq. Numerous outside analysts and (more privately) some senior Bush administration officials are already making the case that the next phase in the war on terrorism should be an effort to overthrow the Iraqi regimeââ¬âif necessary, with U.S. military force. On November 26, President Bush himself appeared to raise the ante on the Iraq debate, stating that Saddam would "find out" what was in store for him if he failed to heed international demands to allow inspector... ...ime that would crack down on Iraqi smuggling, focus sanctions more specifically on the Baghdad leadership and weapons of mass destruction capabilities, and make civilian goods available for easier import into Iraq. Meaningful searches for Iraq's WMD capabilities would also be desirable, but only if they would be more effective than those of the late 1990s. America's allies and the regional powers need to understand that if Iraq cannot be contained with sanctions and stronger nonproliferation efforts, Washington may ultimately have to use force to achieve that goal. The U.S. administration should make it clear to the rest of the world that it cares a lot more about the well-being and future of the Iraqi population than does Saddam Hussein, and it should hold out a vision of American support for a future Iraq under a different regime. Reinforced deterrence, more vigilant nonproliferation efforts, and smarter sanctions will not make the Persian Gulf region risk-free or immediately free the Iraqi people from a brutal dictatorship. But they will serve the core goal of helping to prevent future terrorist actions like those of September 11 at a reasonable military and strategic cost. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-63395915398786116152020-01-11T16:02:00.001-08:002020-01-11T16:02:06.015-08:00Database Management SystemDinky Hire firm is a small family business that stocks general equipment such as garden tools, car maintenance tools etc. For hiring to its customers. A database system is required to simplify management of the business and to provide some financial information and maintaining stocks. Equipment's are classified under various categories.Equipment's are of different brands within each category. Brands are varies in their prices and obtained from various suppliers. The known categories are: a) Gardening Equipment d) Decorating Equipment g) Heating and Lighting b) Building Equipment e) Car Maintenance h) Miscellaneous c) Access Equipment f) Power Tools Prices of equipment offered by the various suppliers as well as the delivery time for that equipment must be kept in the DB. The firm arranges for business customers only, a 24-hour support to replace any Rosen or faulty equipment that on hire.Upon receiving a customer complain, an immediate delivery will be arranged to replace the faulty equipment provided that it is in stock. Otherwise, a refund for the full charged amount will be administered. Private customers though, in similar cases, must bring the faulty equipment(s) themselves and replace them with working ones or get a full refund if there isn't any available in stock. Business customers are given various membership categories for discount purposes. These are silver, gold and diamond memberships.Silver members get 10%; Gold members get 25% and Diamond members get 40%. Hiring equipment's for private customers are restricted to those who live within 5 miles radius from their address. This distance from the private customer address is measured on map on the wall and the information stored on the customer record the first time the hire equipment's. No such restriction exists for business customers. Requirements: The following sections specify the requirements of the system. The computer is to be used when a customer visits the company to hire equipment's.At this time the following processing is necessary for each transaction: ; If not already known (I. E. Not previously entered into the DB), the customer's details are recorded. ; The equipment to be hired, with expected return date, is recorded. ; The equipment stock as recorded in the database is updated automatically. When business customers' call for support to replace any broken or faulty equipment's on hire, a log must be made in the DB and whether replacement equipment is arranged and delivered or a full refund is given.When the equipment is returned, the following processing is required: ; The actual return date is entered. ; An invoice is printed which shows the item borrowed and calculates the total cost including VAT. The cost should be based on a rate for one day plus a rate for each additional day. The daily rate varies between weekdays and weekend days. ; The stock figures are adjusted. ; Business customer discounts will be calculated according to the membership category, whil e no discount is given to private customers. 2. 3. 4. Design and create a database to the above scenario.State any assumptions made (if any). Map the diagram in to Relational Schema and Proof your answer is normalized up to BC. Create the Database using Myself. Final report should contain: 0 Assumptions 0 Entity Relationship Diagram 0 Relational Schema 0 Proof of Normalization 0 Myself commands which you have used to create the database Assignment Background A Database Management System (DB'S) is a set of programs that enables you to store, modify, and extract information from a database, it also provides users with tools to add, delete, access, modify, and analyze data stored in one location.A group can access the data by using query and reporting tools that are part of the DB'S or by using application programs specifically written to access the data. Assignment Requirements 1 . The final document should be Professional and systematic computerized document. 2. It is essential to ha ve References (if any). 3. Assignment should be word-processed and should be spiral bound. 4. The page after the Cover page should be as the assignment marking scheme (Attachment No 001). 5. Submit the softwood of the assignment along with the bound hard copy. Written Assignment Format:To receive full credit, assignments should maintain the following format: 0 Font: Caliber, Size: apt. 0 Spacing: standard. 0 File type (for electronic submission by prior arrangement): MS Word (ââ¬Å". Docâ⬠only) 0 Name/headers/footers on each page. Page number on each page. Cover page/ Contains page. Rules and Regulation of the Assignment 1 . Assignments will NOT be accepted after the last date of acceptance under any circumstance. Database Management System BABCOCK UNIVERSITY ILISHAN REMO OGUN STATE PROJECT PROPOSAL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE COURSE SOFTWARE ENGINEERING COMPUTER SCIENCE ON HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM GROUP 8 PROJECT MEMBERS: 1. XXXXXXX 2. XXXXXXXXXXX 3. XXXXXXXXXXXX 4. XXXXXXXXXX 5. OBRUTSE ONAJITE 09/1635 6. OKOROSOBO TEMITOPE 7. OLAJIDE SEGUN 8. XXXXXXXXXX 9. XXXXXXXX 10. XXXXXXXXXX PROJECT MANAGER: MRS AYITE 1. INTRODUCTION A. BACKGROUND ââ¬ËOnline Alumni System' An Alumni Management System is a system that helps in keeping the records of the past students in which that it can be sorted by the year or by their major.Alumni management system is implemented in various schools around the globe, so it can help the student to get together when there is the need to get together, maybe for a get together Dinner and so on. B. SCOPE /OVERVIEW The Online alumni system is designed to maintain the details of the past student, so when the school wants to check the year a student graduated for some unforeseen circumstances. Usin g this project, the administrator registers each past student into the directory and gives them their username and password so they can login and update their profile. The Alumni Management System provides following features. Members Directory * Online photo gallery * Comment posting facility C. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The aim of the software is to develop a software that helps the university to keep good record of their old students, in order to refer to them when necessary, even on occasions where they want to make a year book for the graduating class or something. D. PROJECT OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE: The central objective of this project is to provide facility for record system for the university committee. In previous system (i. e. Manual System), the student has to queue up to register his/her name in the alumni register on paper.Database Management System and DataThis was the fully time consuming, expensive etc. Through this product, he can update his database maybe when he is marrie d and he wants to change his status to married and so on. 2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS System analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing problems and using the facts to improve the system. System analysis specifies what the system should do. A system is a set of components that interact to accomplish some purpose. * Identifying the drawback of the existing system * Identify the need for conversion * Perform feasibility study * Identify hardware, software and database requirements Create a system definition that forms the foundation for subsequent work A. SYSTEM STUDY Overview of the Existing System In the existing system user can face so much problems. They have to waist so much time for the registering. This is the time consuming task. Sometimes user is very tired then they face the so much problem. Sometimes user feel the laziness, this is also failure for the existing system. B. FEASIBILITY STUDY The feasibility of a project can be ascertained in terms of techn ical factors, economic factors, or both. A feasibility study is documented with a report showing all the ramifications of the project.Technical Feasibility Technical feasibility refers to the ability of the process to take advantage of the current state of the technology in pursuing further improvement. The technical capability of the personnel as well as the capability of the available technology should be considered. Technology transfer between geographical areas and cultures needs to be analyzed to understand productivity loss (or gain) due to differences (see Cultural Feasibility). Since we are using PHP 5, Tomcat 6. 0 and so on technically our project is feasible. Economic FeasibilityThis involves the feasibility of the proposed project to generate economic benefits. A benefit-cost analysis and a breakeven analysis are important aspects of evaluating the economic feasibility of new industrial projects. The tangible and intangible aspects of a project should be translated into e conomic terms to facilitate a consistent basis for evaluation. Cultural Feasibility Cultural feasibility deals with the compatibility of the proposed project with the cultural setup of the project environment. In labor-intensive projects, planned functions must be integrated with the local cultural practices and beliefs.For example, religious beliefs may influence what an individual is willing to do or not do. Social Feasibility Social feasibility addresses the influences that a proposed project may have on the social system in the project environment. The ambient social structure may be such that certain categories of workers may be in short supply or nonexistent. The effect of the Project on the social status of the project participants must be assessed to ensure compatibility. It should be recognized that workers in certain industries may have certain status symbols within the society. Scope of Feasibility AnalysisIn general terms, the elements of a feasibility analysis for a pro ject should cover the following: I. Need Analysis This indicates recognition of a need for the project. The need may affect the organization itself, another organization, the public, or the government. A preliminary study is then conducted to confirm and evaluate the need. A proposal of how the need may be satisfied is then made. Relevant questions that should be asked include: * Is the need significant enough to justify the proposed project? * Will the need still exist by the time the project is completed? * What are the alternate means of satisfying the need? What are the economic, social, environmental, and political impacts of the need? II. Process Work This is the preliminary analysis done to determine what will be required to satisfy the need. The work may be performed by a consultant who is an expert in the project field. The preliminary study often involves system models or prototypes. For technology-oriented projects, artist's conception and scaled-down models may be used f or illustrating the general characteristics of a process. A simulation of the proposed system can be carried out to predict the outcome before the actual project starts. III. Engineering & DesignThis involves a detailed technical study of the proposed project. Written quotations are obtained from suppliers and subcontractors as needed. Technology capabilities are evaluated as needed. Product design, if needed, should be done at this time. IV. Cost Estimate This involves estimating project cost to an acceptable level of accuracy. Levels of around -5% to +15% are common at this level of a project plan. Both the initial and operating costs are included in the cost estimation. Estimates of capital investment and of recurring and nonrecurring costs should also be contained in the cost estimate document.Sensitivity analysis can be carried out on the estimated cost values to see how sensitive the project plan is to the estimated cost values. V. Financial Analysis This involves an analysis of the cash flow profile of the project. The analysis should consider rates of return, inflation, sources of capital, payback periods, breakeven point, residual values, and sensitivity. This is a critical analysis since it determines whether or not and when funds will be available to the project. The project cash flow profile helps to support the economic and financial feasibility of the project. VI. Project ImpactsThis portion of the feasibility study provides an assessment of the impact on the proposed project. Environmental, social, cultural, political, and economic impacts may be some of the factors that will determine how a project is perceived by the public. The value added potential of the project should also be assessed. A value added tax may be assessed based on the price of a product and the cost of the raw material used in making the product. The tax so collected may be viewed as a contribution to government coffers. Conclusions and Recommendations The feasibility study s hould end with the overall outcome of the project analysis.This may indicate an endorsement or disapproval of the project. Recommendations on what should be done should be included in this section of the feasibility report. 3. SYSTEM DESIGN System design provides the understanding and procedural details necessary for implementing the system recommended in the system study. Emphasis is on translating the performance requirements into design specifications. The design phase is a transition from a user ââ¬â oriented document (System proposal) to a documented oriented to the programmers or database personnel. A. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION I.Entity Relationship Diagram It is clear that the physical objects from the previous section the administrator, rooms, customer all correspond to entities in the Entity-Relationship model, and the operations to be done on those entities. Date of Birth Date of Birth SEX SEX NAME NAME Student Student Email Email Address Address IS A IS A Alumnus Alumn us IS A IS A GRADUATION YEAR GRADUATION YEAR GRADUATE STUDENT GRADUATE STUDENT POSTGRADUATE POSTGRADUATE COURSE COURSE DEGREE PROGRAMME DEGREE PROGRAMME COMPUTING TOOLS A. METHODOLOGIES B. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES TOOLS USED FOR DEVELOPING: Language -> PHPDatabase -> My SQL Web Server -> APACHE TOMCAT 6. 0 IDE -> NETBEANS Programming language choice affects the productivity and code quality in several ways. Programmers working with high level language achieve better productivity and quality than those working with low level language, because former is more expensive in nature. We have used HTML, PHP scripting languages for the coding as we have to make the software and these languages provide great compatibility and flexibility. Overview of Programming Languages Overview of PHP The PHP technology will be used to interface HTML.The PHP technology provides a seamless connection and presents an easy to use, PHP-like programming constructs that can be scripted within HTML files. Hypertext preprocessor is a technology for developing web pages that include dynamic content. A PHP page contains standard markup language elements, such as HTML tags, just like a regular web page. A PHP page also contains special PHP elements that allow the server to insert dynamic content in the web page. ADVANTAGES OF PHP 1. PHP supports both scripting and element-based dynamic content. 2. Allows developing custom tag libraries. . PHP pages are precompiled for efficient server processing. 4. PHP pages can be used in combination with servlets that handle the business logic. 5. High Security. . 6. High Quality tool supports. 7. Write Once, Run Everywhere. 8. PHP is vender Neutral Overview of Java Script Java script is a general purpose, prototype based, object oriented scripting language developed jointly by sun and Netscape and is meant for the WWW. Java script borrows most of its syntax from java but also inherits from awk and perl, with some indirect influence from self in its object prot otype system.Java Script is almost as easy to learn as HTML and it can be included directly in HTML documents. Java Script was developed independently of java. Java script is a high level scripting language that does not depend on or expose particular machine representations or operating system services. FEATURES OF JAVA SCRIPT Java script is embedded into HTML documents and is executed with in them. Java script is browser dependent. JavaScript is an interpreted language that can be interpreted by the browser at run time. Java script is loosely typed language. Java script is an object-based language.Java script is an Event-Driven language and supports event handlers to specify the functionality of a button. The Struts framework provides the flexibility to develop the much less coupled applications. It generalizes and strictly implements MVC-model View Controller Architecture. That is the basic need of our architecture. Overview of Apache Tomcat Apache Tomcat is a servlet container d eveloped by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). Tomcat implements the Java Servlet and the Java Server Pages (JSP) specifications from Sun Microsystems, and provides a ââ¬Å"pure Javaâ⬠HTTP web server environment for Java code to run.Tomcat should not be confused with the Apache web server, which is a C implementation of an HTTP web server; these two web servers are not bundled together. Apache Tomcat includes tools for configuration and management, but can also be configured by editing XML configuration files. Overview of MySQL MySQL is a multithreaded, multi-user SQL database management system (DBMS) which has, according to MySQL AB, more than 10 million installations. MySQL is owned and sponsored by a single for-profit firm, the Swedish company MySQL AB, which holds the copyright to most codebase. Libraries for ccessing MySQL databases are available in all major programming languages with language-specific APIs. In addition, an ODBC interface called MyODBC allows additio nal programming languages that support the ODBC interface to communicate with a MySQL database, such as ASP or ColdFusion. The MySQL server and official libraries are mostly implemented in ANSI C. C. PLATFORM I. HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS Processor: Pentium III or higher RAM: 128 MB or More Hard Disk: 20 GB or More Modem: 56KBPS / LAN Card II. SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS Operating System: Windows XP, VISTA 7. Web Server: ApacheFront End: JSP Back End: MySQL Scripts: JavaScript Language: JAVA III. User Interface Requirements The user of the proposed system requires that the developed software should be user friendly, have security access, and ensure the privacy of the administrator and produce results in timely manner. The users are not frequently exposed to the on-line hotel management, so the system interface to the user must be simple and understandable. The web pages must be user-friendly and must be in an easy-to-use style. The user must be able to easily switch among various I/O scree ns.The product is well designed so that it can be used easily by layman and also the users who are novices to the system. The system should be designed in such a way that only authorized users should be allowed to login to the system. The user interface should be as interactive as possible. A user-friendly interface must be provided so that the user can easily interact with the system and comprehend things in a quicker and easier way. The system must provide reliable and up-to-date information. The application should be efficient so that the user does not spend much time in training.Consistency will increase the confidence of the user in the reliability of the application. The user must be limited with a small set of operations to achieve the result. The application should be visually and conceptually clear. The interface should accommodate user mistakes easily and fast. It should minimize the errors and should handle them peacefully. IV. Database Requirements The database should be designed in such a way that it enhances the efficient storage, retrieval and manipulation of all the information associated. For instance all general information regarding an item attribute should be stored in a particular table.The concerned users should have the facility to query to the database and supply the basic information easily. Security mechanisms should be provided so that no confidential details should be accessible to unauthorized persons. The database should be organized in such a way that it helps in preparing various essential summaries needed for users. V. Functional Requirements The various functional requirements of the system can be summarized as: 1. A home page that is user friendly and ambiguous. 2. Administrator Login Facility 3. Links to other related sites. 4.Ability of Administrator to perform any tasks which you can see in my snapshots (below) and in my running project. 5. A login page for alumnus to create a new user if not registered VI. Non-Functional Requirements Non-functional requirements define the system properties and constraints that arise through user needs, because of the budgeted constraints or organizational policies, or because of the need for interoperability with other software or due to the external factors such as safety regulations privacy registrations and so on. VII. Other Requirements and ConstraintsPerformance Requirements * The database should be centralized and secure. * The system should be user friendly and easily accessible * The system must be reliable. Design Requirements The main objectives of input design are: * Controlling the amount of input * Keeping the process simple, avoiding errors. * The best thing in the input design is to achieve all the objectives mentioned in the simplest manner possible. The main objectives of output design are: * Identifying the specific outputs. * Creating reports for displaying and storing information. 4. MILESTONES A.TIMELINES I. DISTRIBUTION OF TASKS AND SUBTASKS II . TEAM MEMBERS RESPONSIBILITIES Each project member has been given a role to perform which will make the project work go smoothly. | | | | | | | | | | | | III. PROPOSED TIMEFRAME FOR EACH TASK AS ASSIGNED B. DEADLINES FOR EACH TASK AND MODULES C. PROPOSED DUE DATE 5. POSSIBLE TEST CASES AND PLANS 6. LIMITATIONS The Hotel Management System can be used for any organization that may require detailed information at one time or the other. This application covers a relatively large scope more than is highlighted in this project work.There is always room for improvement depending on the intending area of application. For the purpose of this project, however, we will use Arzu Hotels as a set case. The limitations of this project are: * Unavailability of sufficient time due to tight academic schedule. * Lack of internet connection to perform necessary research Despite these limitations, we will be able to design a functional Hotel Management System. 7. CONCLUSION From a proper analysis of po sitive points and constraints on the component, it can be safely concluded that the product is a highly efficient GUI based component.This application is working properly and meeting to all user requirements. This component can be easily plugged in many other systems. 8. APPENDIX I. Programming Programming is not only a creative activity but also an intellectually rigorous discipline. It is the part where the design is actually translated into the machine readable form which is called program. II. Programming Principles The main activity of coding phase is to translate design into code. If we translate the structure of the design properly, we will have structured programs. A structured program doesnââ¬â¢t just ââ¬Å"happenâ⬠.It is the end product of series of efforts that try to understand the problem and develop a structured, understandable solution plan. It is all impossible to write a good structured program based on unstructured poor design . The coding phase affects bo th testing and maintenance , profoundly the time spent in coding is small percentage of the total software cost, while testing and maintenance consume the major percentage . The goal of coding phase is not to simplify the job of the tester and maintainer. III. Programming style A well written program is more easily read and understood both by the author and by others who work that program.A good Programming style is characterized by the following: * Simplicity * Readability * Good documentation * Changeability * Predictability * Good Structure IV. Selection of Coding Language All the programs coded should be based on a standard which can tend to the needs of all readers, i. e. it should provide degree of predictability in programs of a common type. There are many aspects to what the programs must do so to enable the different users to comfortably work on it. For example the program should: * Be corrective of the solution * Have maximum speed of execution * Be comprehensive and east to maintain Database Management System BABCOCK UNIVERSITY ILISHAN REMO OGUN STATE PROJECT PROPOSAL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE COURSE SOFTWARE ENGINEERING COMPUTER SCIENCE ON HOTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM GROUP 8 PROJECT MEMBERS: 1. XXXXXXX 2. XXXXXXXXXXX 3. XXXXXXXXXXXX 4. XXXXXXXXXX 5. OBRUTSE ONAJITE 09/1635 6. OKOROSOBO TEMITOPE 7. OLAJIDE SEGUN 8. XXXXXXXXXX 9. XXXXXXXX 10. XXXXXXXXXX PROJECT MANAGER: MRS AYITE 1. INTRODUCTION A. BACKGROUND ââ¬ËOnline Alumni System' An Alumni Management System is a system that helps in keeping the records of the past students in which that it can be sorted by the year or by their major.Alumni management system is implemented in various schools around the globe, so it can help the student to get together when there is the need to get together, maybe for a get together Dinner and so on. B. SCOPE /OVERVIEW The Online alumni system is designed to maintain the details of the past student, so when the school wants to check the year a student graduated for some unforeseen circumstances. Usin g this project, the administrator registers each past student into the directory and gives them their username and password so they can login and update their profile. The Alumni Management System provides following features. Members Directory * Online photo gallery * Comment posting facility C. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The aim of the software is to develop a software that helps the university to keep good record of their old students, in order to refer to them when necessary, even on occasions where they want to make a year book for the graduating class or something. D. PROJECT OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVE: The central objective of this project is to provide facility for record system for the university committee. In previous system (i. e. Manual System), the student has to queue up to register his/her name in the alumni register on paper.Database Management System and DataThis was the fully time consuming, expensive etc. Through this product, he can update his database maybe when he is marrie d and he wants to change his status to married and so on. 2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS System analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing problems and using the facts to improve the system. System analysis specifies what the system should do. A system is a set of components that interact to accomplish some purpose. * Identifying the drawback of the existing system * Identify the need for conversion * Perform feasibility study * Identify hardware, software and database requirements Create a system definition that forms the foundation for subsequent work A. SYSTEM STUDY Overview of the Existing System In the existing system user can face so much problems. They have to waist so much time for the registering. This is the time consuming task. Sometimes user is very tired then they face the so much problem. Sometimes user feel the laziness, this is also failure for the existing system. B. FEASIBILITY STUDY The feasibility of a project can be ascertained in terms of techn ical factors, economic factors, or both. A feasibility study is documented with a report showing all the ramifications of the project.Technical Feasibility Technical feasibility refers to the ability of the process to take advantage of the current state of the technology in pursuing further improvement. The technical capability of the personnel as well as the capability of the available technology should be considered. Technology transfer between geographical areas and cultures needs to be analyzed to understand productivity loss (or gain) due to differences (see Cultural Feasibility). Since we are using PHP 5, Tomcat 6. 0 and so on technically our project is feasible. Economic FeasibilityThis involves the feasibility of the proposed project to generate economic benefits. A benefit-cost analysis and a breakeven analysis are important aspects of evaluating the economic feasibility of new industrial projects. The tangible and intangible aspects of a project should be translated into e conomic terms to facilitate a consistent basis for evaluation. Cultural Feasibility Cultural feasibility deals with the compatibility of the proposed project with the cultural setup of the project environment. In labor-intensive projects, planned functions must be integrated with the local cultural practices and beliefs.For example, religious beliefs may influence what an individual is willing to do or not do. Social Feasibility Social feasibility addresses the influences that a proposed project may have on the social system in the project environment. The ambient social structure may be such that certain categories of workers may be in short supply or nonexistent. The effect of the Project on the social status of the project participants must be assessed to ensure compatibility. It should be recognized that workers in certain industries may have certain status symbols within the society. Scope of Feasibility AnalysisIn general terms, the elements of a feasibility analysis for a pro ject should cover the following: I. Need Analysis This indicates recognition of a need for the project. The need may affect the organization itself, another organization, the public, or the government. A preliminary study is then conducted to confirm and evaluate the need. A proposal of how the need may be satisfied is then made. Relevant questions that should be asked include: * Is the need significant enough to justify the proposed project? * Will the need still exist by the time the project is completed? * What are the alternate means of satisfying the need? What are the economic, social, environmental, and political impacts of the need? II. Process Work This is the preliminary analysis done to determine what will be required to satisfy the need. The work may be performed by a consultant who is an expert in the project field. The preliminary study often involves system models or prototypes. For technology-oriented projects, artist's conception and scaled-down models may be used f or illustrating the general characteristics of a process. A simulation of the proposed system can be carried out to predict the outcome before the actual project starts. III. Engineering & DesignThis involves a detailed technical study of the proposed project. Written quotations are obtained from suppliers and subcontractors as needed. Technology capabilities are evaluated as needed. Product design, if needed, should be done at this time. IV. Cost Estimate This involves estimating project cost to an acceptable level of accuracy. Levels of around -5% to +15% are common at this level of a project plan. Both the initial and operating costs are included in the cost estimation. Estimates of capital investment and of recurring and nonrecurring costs should also be contained in the cost estimate document.Sensitivity analysis can be carried out on the estimated cost values to see how sensitive the project plan is to the estimated cost values. V. Financial Analysis This involves an analysis of the cash flow profile of the project. The analysis should consider rates of return, inflation, sources of capital, payback periods, breakeven point, residual values, and sensitivity. This is a critical analysis since it determines whether or not and when funds will be available to the project. The project cash flow profile helps to support the economic and financial feasibility of the project. VI. Project ImpactsThis portion of the feasibility study provides an assessment of the impact on the proposed project. Environmental, social, cultural, political, and economic impacts may be some of the factors that will determine how a project is perceived by the public. The value added potential of the project should also be assessed. A value added tax may be assessed based on the price of a product and the cost of the raw material used in making the product. The tax so collected may be viewed as a contribution to government coffers. Conclusions and Recommendations The feasibility study s hould end with the overall outcome of the project analysis.This may indicate an endorsement or disapproval of the project. Recommendations on what should be done should be included in this section of the feasibility report. 3. SYSTEM DESIGN System design provides the understanding and procedural details necessary for implementing the system recommended in the system study. Emphasis is on translating the performance requirements into design specifications. The design phase is a transition from a user ââ¬â oriented document (System proposal) to a documented oriented to the programmers or database personnel. A. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION I.Entity Relationship Diagram It is clear that the physical objects from the previous section the administrator, rooms, customer all correspond to entities in the Entity-Relationship model, and the operations to be done on those entities. Date of Birth Date of Birth SEX SEX NAME NAME Student Student Email Email Address Address IS A IS A Alumnus Alumn us IS A IS A GRADUATION YEAR GRADUATION YEAR GRADUATE STUDENT GRADUATE STUDENT POSTGRADUATE POSTGRADUATE COURSE COURSE DEGREE PROGRAMME DEGREE PROGRAMME COMPUTING TOOLS A. METHODOLOGIES B. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES TOOLS USED FOR DEVELOPING: Language -> PHPDatabase -> My SQL Web Server -> APACHE TOMCAT 6. 0 IDE -> NETBEANS Programming language choice affects the productivity and code quality in several ways. Programmers working with high level language achieve better productivity and quality than those working with low level language, because former is more expensive in nature. We have used HTML, PHP scripting languages for the coding as we have to make the software and these languages provide great compatibility and flexibility. Overview of Programming Languages Overview of PHP The PHP technology will be used to interface HTML.The PHP technology provides a seamless connection and presents an easy to use, PHP-like programming constructs that can be scripted within HTML files. Hypertext preprocessor is a technology for developing web pages that include dynamic content. A PHP page contains standard markup language elements, such as HTML tags, just like a regular web page. A PHP page also contains special PHP elements that allow the server to insert dynamic content in the web page. ADVANTAGES OF PHP 1. PHP supports both scripting and element-based dynamic content. 2. Allows developing custom tag libraries. . PHP pages are precompiled for efficient server processing. 4. PHP pages can be used in combination with servlets that handle the business logic. 5. High Security. . 6. High Quality tool supports. 7. Write Once, Run Everywhere. 8. PHP is vender Neutral Overview of Java Script Java script is a general purpose, prototype based, object oriented scripting language developed jointly by sun and Netscape and is meant for the WWW. Java script borrows most of its syntax from java but also inherits from awk and perl, with some indirect influence from self in its object prot otype system.Java Script is almost as easy to learn as HTML and it can be included directly in HTML documents. Java Script was developed independently of java. Java script is a high level scripting language that does not depend on or expose particular machine representations or operating system services. FEATURES OF JAVA SCRIPT Java script is embedded into HTML documents and is executed with in them. Java script is browser dependent. JavaScript is an interpreted language that can be interpreted by the browser at run time. Java script is loosely typed language. Java script is an object-based language.Java script is an Event-Driven language and supports event handlers to specify the functionality of a button. The Struts framework provides the flexibility to develop the much less coupled applications. It generalizes and strictly implements MVC-model View Controller Architecture. That is the basic need of our architecture. Overview of Apache Tomcat Apache Tomcat is a servlet container d eveloped by the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). Tomcat implements the Java Servlet and the Java Server Pages (JSP) specifications from Sun Microsystems, and provides a ââ¬Å"pure Javaâ⬠HTTP web server environment for Java code to run.Tomcat should not be confused with the Apache web server, which is a C implementation of an HTTP web server; these two web servers are not bundled together. Apache Tomcat includes tools for configuration and management, but can also be configured by editing XML configuration files. Overview of MySQL MySQL is a multithreaded, multi-user SQL database management system (DBMS) which has, according to MySQL AB, more than 10 million installations. MySQL is owned and sponsored by a single for-profit firm, the Swedish company MySQL AB, which holds the copyright to most codebase. Libraries for ccessing MySQL databases are available in all major programming languages with language-specific APIs. In addition, an ODBC interface called MyODBC allows additio nal programming languages that support the ODBC interface to communicate with a MySQL database, such as ASP or ColdFusion. The MySQL server and official libraries are mostly implemented in ANSI C. C. PLATFORM I. HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS Processor: Pentium III or higher RAM: 128 MB or More Hard Disk: 20 GB or More Modem: 56KBPS / LAN Card II. SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS Operating System: Windows XP, VISTA 7. Web Server: ApacheFront End: JSP Back End: MySQL Scripts: JavaScript Language: JAVA III. User Interface Requirements The user of the proposed system requires that the developed software should be user friendly, have security access, and ensure the privacy of the administrator and produce results in timely manner. The users are not frequently exposed to the on-line hotel management, so the system interface to the user must be simple and understandable. The web pages must be user-friendly and must be in an easy-to-use style. The user must be able to easily switch among various I/O scree ns.The product is well designed so that it can be used easily by layman and also the users who are novices to the system. The system should be designed in such a way that only authorized users should be allowed to login to the system. The user interface should be as interactive as possible. A user-friendly interface must be provided so that the user can easily interact with the system and comprehend things in a quicker and easier way. The system must provide reliable and up-to-date information. The application should be efficient so that the user does not spend much time in training.Consistency will increase the confidence of the user in the reliability of the application. The user must be limited with a small set of operations to achieve the result. The application should be visually and conceptually clear. The interface should accommodate user mistakes easily and fast. It should minimize the errors and should handle them peacefully. IV. Database Requirements The database should be designed in such a way that it enhances the efficient storage, retrieval and manipulation of all the information associated. For instance all general information regarding an item attribute should be stored in a particular table.The concerned users should have the facility to query to the database and supply the basic information easily. Security mechanisms should be provided so that no confidential details should be accessible to unauthorized persons. The database should be organized in such a way that it helps in preparing various essential summaries needed for users. V. Functional Requirements The various functional requirements of the system can be summarized as: 1. A home page that is user friendly and ambiguous. 2. Administrator Login Facility 3. Links to other related sites. 4.Ability of Administrator to perform any tasks which you can see in my snapshots (below) and in my running project. 5. A login page for alumnus to create a new user if not registered VI. Non-Functional Requirements Non-functional requirements define the system properties and constraints that arise through user needs, because of the budgeted constraints or organizational policies, or because of the need for interoperability with other software or due to the external factors such as safety regulations privacy registrations and so on. VII. Other Requirements and ConstraintsPerformance Requirements * The database should be centralized and secure. * The system should be user friendly and easily accessible * The system must be reliable. Design Requirements The main objectives of input design are: * Controlling the amount of input * Keeping the process simple, avoiding errors. * The best thing in the input design is to achieve all the objectives mentioned in the simplest manner possible. The main objectives of output design are: * Identifying the specific outputs. * Creating reports for displaying and storing information. 4. MILESTONES A.TIMELINES I. DISTRIBUTION OF TASKS AND SUBTASKS II . TEAM MEMBERS RESPONSIBILITIES Each project member has been given a role to perform which will make the project work go smoothly. | | | | | | | | | | | | III. PROPOSED TIMEFRAME FOR EACH TASK AS ASSIGNED B. DEADLINES FOR EACH TASK AND MODULES C. PROPOSED DUE DATE 5. POSSIBLE TEST CASES AND PLANS 6. LIMITATIONS The Hotel Management System can be used for any organization that may require detailed information at one time or the other. This application covers a relatively large scope more than is highlighted in this project work.There is always room for improvement depending on the intending area of application. For the purpose of this project, however, we will use Arzu Hotels as a set case. The limitations of this project are: * Unavailability of sufficient time due to tight academic schedule. * Lack of internet connection to perform necessary research Despite these limitations, we will be able to design a functional Hotel Management System. 7. CONCLUSION From a proper analysis of po sitive points and constraints on the component, it can be safely concluded that the product is a highly efficient GUI based component.This application is working properly and meeting to all user requirements. This component can be easily plugged in many other systems. 8. APPENDIX I. Programming Programming is not only a creative activity but also an intellectually rigorous discipline. It is the part where the design is actually translated into the machine readable form which is called program. II. Programming Principles The main activity of coding phase is to translate design into code. If we translate the structure of the design properly, we will have structured programs. A structured program doesnââ¬â¢t just ââ¬Å"happenâ⬠.It is the end product of series of efforts that try to understand the problem and develop a structured, understandable solution plan. It is all impossible to write a good structured program based on unstructured poor design . The coding phase affects bo th testing and maintenance , profoundly the time spent in coding is small percentage of the total software cost, while testing and maintenance consume the major percentage . The goal of coding phase is not to simplify the job of the tester and maintainer. III. Programming style A well written program is more easily read and understood both by the author and by others who work that program.A good Programming style is characterized by the following: * Simplicity * Readability * Good documentation * Changeability * Predictability * Good Structure IV. Selection of Coding Language All the programs coded should be based on a standard which can tend to the needs of all readers, i. e. it should provide degree of predictability in programs of a common type. There are many aspects to what the programs must do so to enable the different users to comfortably work on it. For example the program should: * Be corrective of the solution * Have maximum speed of execution * Be comprehensive and east to maintain georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-56227098124006823872020-01-03T12:26:00.001-08:002020-01-03T12:26:03.657-08:00Green Energy - 929 Words In the environment there are many concerns on how to make this a better place to live. One of the biggest issues is our energy and power sources. Green energy is a term used for sources of power and energy that are environmentally friendly. Basically this includes anything that is renewable energy. Renewable energy is considered energy that is constantly being replaced such as wood, vegetable matter, and trash. Green energy s main focus is to use sources that can cut down on pollution. Some of these sources of power and energy are Biomass energy, geothermal energy, hydropower, nuclear energy, solar energy, wind energy and tidal energy. People hope that these will help use more natural sources to produce energy. In several countries youâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Next time you get on your computer you can set up your computer to where the sleep mode is on and also the hibernate comes on after thirty minutes. Another thing is taking control of the temperature. During the winter you can set your thermostat at 68 degrees or less during the day and 55 degrees at night before you go to sleep. During the summer you can set it at 78 degrees or more. Also you can set your thermostat on your water heater between 120 and 130 degrees. The only drawback with this one is you can take really long hot showers. So with all these information you can decide if you are for or against green energy. I believe we should start doing something about our environment before we are too late. I personally am for green energy. You don t necessarily have to go out get green energy as your electricity source but doing little can always help our universe. The good green energy is that there are several sources of energy that we can use and if using these types of energy help clean up our air pollution and atmosphere I m all forShow MoreRelatedGreen Energy Essay1349 Words à |à 6 Pagessubsidies available to encourage buildings to go green, it is no wonder why so many companies are inter ested in converting their real estate into energy efficient areas. The ability to win a multi-million dollar tax break is quite a motivator, but just how much are these companies really doing to turn their properties green? It turns out that many will do the bare minimum to win over this green certification, and most end up using just as much energy as they previously did. This is why a recertificationRead MoreThe Implementation Of Green Energy Essay1270 Words à |à 6 Pagesimplementation of green energy is new and has taken the business world by storm over the recent years, showing strides of change towards a more sustainable economy. As of September 22nd 150+ companies in the United States have joined the campaign that is committed to take climate actions. Goldman Sachs, Johnson Johnson, NIKE, Inc., Procter Gamble, Salesforce, Starbucks, Steelcase, Voya Financial, and Walmart have joined RE100, pledging to source 100% of their electricity from renewable energy to reduceRead Mo reGreen Energy is a Substitute Energy Source1720 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction ââ¬Å"Greenâ⬠(or alternative) energy is a substitute energy source for fossil fuels. Alternative energy is interchangeable with Renewable energy since the sources that are generated are natural and cannot be exhausted, all of which have minimal environmental impact. Alternative energy sources include solar power, which is acquired from the sun; wind power; water energy, which produces hydroelectricity; and biomass energy, which comes from plants. Due to these sources being free and causingRead MoreGreen Energy and the Carbon Footprint711 Words à |à 3 PagesWhat is ââ¬Å"green energy?â⬠According to Cambridge Dictionaries Online, green energy is ââ¬Å"energy that can be produced in a way that protects the natural environment, for example by using wind, water, or the sunâ⬠. Solar energy is the conversion of the rays from the sun into a useful form of energy, such as heat or electricity. Solar energy when converted to thermal/heat energy can be used to both heat water and heat spaces in buildings and homes. Wind energy is another example of green energy. WindRead MoreThe Green Energy Act Of 2009933 Words à |à 4 PagesSolar Photovoltaic is part of the green energy movement in Canada. In Ontario, there was legislation called the Green Energy Act of 2009. This Act called for the transition from dirty fossil fuels to more clean energy. The province gave incentives for wind, solar and biomass power-generation projects and green construction. It also created a program called feed-in tariff that would reward producers renewable energy a higher rate. (Stastna, Ho w Canada s provinces are tackling greenhouse gas emissions)Read MoreGreen Benefits And Energy Savings1076 Words à |à 5 PagesElastomeric Roof Coating | Commercial Roofing Fort Worth Green Benefits and Energy Savings A roof coating provides a monolithic, fully adhered, fluid applied roofing membrane with flexible properties that allows it to expand and contract with the temperature without incurring damage. It can be applied over any commercial roof substrate, curing to form a seamless 100% acrylic elastomeric membrane engineered to seal the entire roof, prolonging the roof life. The benefits of a ââ¬Å"cool roofâ⬠elastomericRead MoreRenewable Sources of Energy: Green Power931 Words à |à 4 PagesAssignment Introduction Green power or green energy is the electricity which is produced from renewable sources and such renewable sources must be non-polluting. Earth has a self-cleansing mechanism capability which cleans or recover the environment naturally upto a limit, so pollution within that limit can be termed green. ââ¬Å"The electricity produced from solar, wind, biogas, geothermal and low-impact small hydroelectric sources are referred to as green power or green energy as defined by U.S. EPARead MoreEnvironmental Economical Impacts of Green Energy1798 Words à |à 7 PagesEnvironmental Economical Impacts of Green Energy Generating and supplying more green energy in the US can have a big impact in the environment and in our economy. With more green energy resources a big amount disasters that affect our environment can be reduced. Such disasters include oil spills, nuclear leaks and the emission of harmful pollutants. Electric power plants are one of the biggest contributors to pollution in the country due to the amount of carbon and sulfur dioxides that are releasedRead MoreNuclear Energy For A Green Earth1164 Words à |à 5 PagesNuclear Energy for a Green Earth Today the U.S. is still enormously dependent on fossil fuels despite the numerous advancements in alternative power sources (Solar panels, wind turbines, etc.). Fossil fuel based energy (our main energy source) is not only expensive, but it also leaves a gigantic impact on the environment. If we continue to depend on this power source, our future generations will have to bear the consequences of our neglect of the earth. The topic of discussion is important toRead MoreGlobal Climate Change : Green Energy1107 Words à |à 5 Pagesstem from combustion of fossil fuels derived from vehicles, factories and energy sources. A solution to combat global climate is to invest and use alternative energy sources known as green energy. Green energy is derived from rain, wind, sunlight and other natural sources. Green energy has less of a negative impact on the environment compared to fossil fuel energy. In my opinion, the United States should invest in green energy, because it would assist in t ackling issues regarding global climate change georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-63635129304137466282019-12-26T08:53:00.001-08:002019-12-26T08:53:02.926-08:00Sexism in Language Essay - 1969 Words Sexism in Language We all know that men and women are different. They look different, act different, walk, talk, and even smell different. In part, the simple fact that we are different explains why we sometimes have trouble communicating with and understanding the opposite sex. However, a close look at our language may show that there is more to the communication barrier between the sexes than meets the eye. I believe that the English language is very biased towards women. We live in a patriarchal society, an ââ¬Å"order characterized by male dominance and the means of perpetuating that dominanceâ⬠. Because of this, our language has been molded mostly by males, resulting in this ââ¬Å"sexism in languageâ⬠(Spender, 1980). This did not happenâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦From the theory of man, researchers have developed the ââ¬Å"patriarchal codeâ⬠. This is basically a list of over 10,000 English words, (and thousands more from other languages), which all show the sexism of langauge, and the roots from which it came. According to Goueffic, the first word of the patriarchal code is ââ¬Å"manuâ⬠: In itââ¬â¢s historical form, manu names the male as creator and causer from Manu, the father of ââ¬Å"mankindâ⬠. The code of Manu, circa 2400 B.C., states that ââ¬Å"woman should never be free of subjugationâ⬠. This encoding into law of feme control passed through the cultural, symbolic, and legal systems of the Persians, Greeks, Jews and Arabs, etc., down to the Romans as manus, circa 300 B.C. The manus, diffused in society as ââ¬Ëthe handââ¬â¢, is the law of ââ¬Å"the authoritative control of the husband over his wifeâ⬠. (p. 233) So the word manus provides the basis for the patriarchal code and the theory of man. The set of words contained in this code are used daily to rebuild and keep the control of ââ¬Å"manâ⬠. Because we all use these words every day, they have a dangerous effect on our society. ââ¬Å"The cumulative effect of the words containing man, like the wires of a cage that trap the bird, entrap the mind of both sexes equally but differentlyâ⬠(Goueffic). So why is the masculine nature of English important? There are many reasons, but the most basic is the fact that it perpetuates sexism in our society.Show MoreRelatedSexism, Language, And Language Essay843 Words à |à 4 PagesSexism in Language Whether itââ¬â¢s in verbal or written expression, language is our everyday means of interaction. For years, thereââ¬â¢s been an ongoing debate about the use of male-based generics and whether or not they promote sexism. Sexist language, as defined by yourdictionary.com, is language that excludes either men or women when discussing a topic that may be applicable to both sexes. Hence, sexist language describes the bias towards a certain sex in language. Importance lies in discussing issuesRead MoreEssay on Sexism in Language 2512 Words à |à 11 PagesLanguage refers to the method that humans use to communicate either through speech or written. It consists of the use of the word in a structured and conventional way. Language has been referred to as ââ¬Ëour means of classifying and ordering the world; our means of manipulating reality. In structure and in its use we bring out the world into realisation and if it is inherently inaccurate, then we are misled. (Dale Spender, 198 0).Language has power that allows us to make sense out of the reality weRead MoreThe Value Of Chinese Language1322 Words à |à 6 PagesThe value of Chinese Language The knowledge of Chinese language opens many new perspectives for the people who have good command of this language. First of all, Chinese language opens the way to different important fields. These include: Chinese politics, economy, history or archaeology. The knowledge of Chinese language can help to study the unique culture of the ancient civilization. At the heart of Chinese civilization is its rich heritage of novels, short stories, poetry, drama, and other piecesRead MoreI Consider Myself A Feminist Essay764 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe importance of language, a feminist is a person, regardless of gender, who believes in the equality and importance of all women in society. I am a feminist because I continue to educate myself to become more self-aware of the danger of sexism and inequality that threatens womenââ¬â ¢s rights. 2. Sexism is wrong because it discriminates against people because of their gender. Women are the main group who suffers against sexism. It is safe to say that all women have confronted sexism. According to theRead MoreMovies Control: Sex and Violence1436 Words à |à 6 Pagespublic believes and accepts. Research shows that the amount and realism of violence and sex in movies has skyrocketed, influencing the views of our generation. However, little to no attention is placed on the effects of movies on our views of racism, sexism, classism, and heteronormativity. Before watching a movie, you can get a general idea of how much sex and violence it will contain, in order to decide if it is appropriate for you. However, how can one tell if a movie is too racist, sexist, classistRead MoreThemes of Sexism in Cleopatra and Plutarchs The Life of Antony967 Words à |à 4 PagesSimilar to the 1963 film Cleopatra, in Plutarchs The Life of Antony, sexism is maintained in the passage and compati ble with its message. Through the authors portrayal of Cleopatra and Antony, he spreads the message that obsession with power is bad and the idea that manipulation and attempts at domination are signs of a bad ruler. Sexism is compatible with such messages because as indicated by Plutarch, Cleopatra utilizes sexist expectations of women in order to manipulate Antony through her aspirationsRead MoreFeminism is simply a sociological theory, which states that men and women are equal. Feminism is900 Words à |à 4 Pagessuccessful people. Feminism opposes sexism in literature and aims to increase the awareness of sexual politics of language and style. Feminism also shoots to view female writers and their works in a feminine point of view. Thus people will interpret the symbolism in femaleââ¬â¢s writings and it will be no longer ignored by the manly point of view. Feminist Literature Feminist literature is basically any literal work that concentrates on the womenââ¬â¢s daily struggle against sexism and discrimination. It emergedRead MoreSince the beginning of time, sexism has been a prominent barrier between the genders. Women may800 Words à |à 4 PagesSince the beginning of time, sexism has been a prominent barrier between the genders. Women may have the same political rights, however they are still degraded and seen as inferior to men. So, women in politics are now trying to prove that they are just as capable as men are. However, their attempts are being suppressed due to the inappropriate comments against them. Sexist remarks in the media against female political candidates is the reason why there is a smaller amount of women in governmentRead MoreRacism And Racism732 Words à |à 3 Pages Sexism, racism and heterosexism are happening in contemporary America till this day. The media reflects everyday struggles that Americans face based primarily on their gender, race and sexual preferences. Many innocent Americans are getting killed in protests and rallies while they defend their rights. Everyday millions of Americans are faced with backlash from their community, state and even their own country for who they are! Heterosexism is the prejudice against homosexuals.Read MoreComparison of One is Not Born a Woman by Wittig and The Second Sex Simone De Beauvoir867 Words à |à 4 Pagesimpossible ontologically speaking; because the humans are not divided, thus gender is merely an imaginary realm. It only exist in the language exercises, and the way that cultural products are conceived in them. This essay is a preliminary attempt to offer an analysis of ââ¬ËOne Is Not Born a Womanââ¬â¢ by Wittig and ââ¬ËThe Second Sexââ¬â¢ by Simone De Beauvoir holds on the language usage contribution to the creation of genders and the imagined femininity. Through the society imaginations of genders, the society georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-56470663990643524852019-12-18T04:42:00.001-08:002019-12-18T04:42:03.742-08:00Social Media s Influence On Our Lives - 1747 Words Social media has had a tremendous impact on our lives, influencing the way we communicate, interact, and even think. In the 21st century, social media has emerged as a tool utilized in all aspects of life, ranging from entertainment to politics. In the context of politics, the lack of gatekeepers in social media has provided an even playing field for candidates to communicate with the public, and due to the effects this medium had on communication, public discourse has been influenced to fit the defining characteristics of social media. A notable event to examine this mediaââ¬â¢s influence in the 21st century is the US presidential election. Despite the mainstream mediaââ¬â¢s opposition to Trump, I will argue that social media played an integralâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦15). According to survey conducted by the ING, 60% of ââ¬Å"journalists feel less bound by journalistic rules on social media.â⬠The survey also notes that only 20% of journalists check their facts be fore publishing, and almost half said they ââ¬Å"published most of their stories as quickly as possible to correct later if necessary.â⬠Thus, it becomes evident that the priority of news publishing on social media is driven by producing content that generate more clicks, likes and retweets (ââ¬Å"2014 Impact of Social Media on Newsâ⬠). In order for Journalists and others to draw that attention on sites like Twitter, there is a focus on producing content that emphasizes ââ¬Å"novelty and even outrageousnessâ⬠(Gross and Johnson 749). On Twitter for example, people favour emotionally charged Tweets because they tend to get ââ¬Å"retweeted more often and more quickly compared to neutral onesâ⬠(Ott 61). Thus, Twitter users value controversy, and ââ¬Å"negative sentimentâ⬠where aggressiveness and negativity in messages have become the key to popularity (Ott 62). Secondly, the undermined importance of fact checking in social media has allowed Trump to gene rate viral statements by emphasizing controversy to gain publicity and appeal to voters. According to PolitiFact, 76 percent out of 77 statements made by Trump on Twitter are factually incorrectShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media On Our Society Essay1007 Words à |à 5 PagesInfluences of Media on our Society There is no doubt that the media influences us. To state some examples to prove this claim, try answering the questions that follow. Do you feel like attempting a stunt from a movie? Do you base your fashion on what you see the celebrities are wearing? Do you copy the hairstyle of your favorite famous personalities? Have you ever attempted to walk model-like in an attempt to imitate those ramp models in fashion shows? If you answered yes to any of these questionsRead MoreMead s Theory Of Self And Society1518 Words à |à 7 PagesMead s Theory of Self and Society According to this theory, Mead suggested that people live in a world that is in a large part constructed in accordance with social and societal norms. He believed that objects, events, and behaviors come from the interpretation people give them, and interpretations vary from one group to another. In specific, the meaning of objects, events, and behaviors comes from the meaning people give these objects events, and behavior; thus, the interpretations may certainlyRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Our World909 Words à |à 4 Pagestechnology has undoubtedly shaped the way we live in todayââ¬â¢s world. This impact has made life much easier and convenient in every aspect of our everyday lives. However, when technology is broken down to different types and purposes, that is when we begin to recognize is certain technology actually moving the human race forward or backwards? One highly debated and arguably the most popular type of technology, is social media. Social media has negativel y impacted our world to the point where humans no longerRead MoreWhy Do Some People Pay Attention?1346 Words à |à 6 Pages The Models Why do some people pay attention to certain models and not others? Why do people imitate the same behavior differently? These are the questions Bandura (1977) attempted to answer in identifying some of the variables that influence the modeling process. Characteristics of the model, for example, determine to some extent whether or not they will be imitated. Models who are more similar to the person observing the behavior are more likely to be imitated, thus girls tend to imitate othersRead MoreWhy is important to study the media, rather than simply consume it?1631 Words à |à 7 PagesThe media is a dynamic entity inherent in society that is both powerful and important. It demonstrates this by playing a vital role in the development of a person s perspective on political, economic and socio-cultural issues. This consequently helps to shape individuals viewpoints of the world and define their lives through the interpretation of media texts. (Newman, 2004). Bazalgette supported Newman s point by stating Media studies open up your understanding of how things work, how peopleRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Society924 Words à |à 4 Pageswe have to face in life to many of our decisions. Metaphors, which form of knowledge that helps us to live in the paradoxical nature of life, are outside the transfer of continuous images you see on television and other media. Essential to produce universes of meaning, we cannot escape the need for us to continue it and relate to the world. It may be that the neurological system is enriched with certain aspects of electronic popular culture, but how works in our consciousness? Video games can be dangerousRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1287 Words à |à 6 Pagesall started with social media, around since the 1960ââ¬â¢s and started to thrive in the late 1990ââ¬â¢s, that humans began to interact through cyberspace and changed human relationships forever. As the Internet grows to be further accessible to a number of households and public areas worldwide, the greater the immensity its aftereffects have on our lives as well. However, the more the Internet becomes habitual for humans, the more people become aware of the profound negative influences that come along withRead MoreThe Development Of Self Concept Essay818 Words à |à 4 Pagesincorporate the attitudes of others toward our self. Our idea of who we are versus the rest of society develops through play, when, as children, we pretend to be parents and teachers and become conscious of the roles that discrete individuals play in our lives; later, in the game stage, we can understand the roles of several different people simultaneously in our lives, when we can participate in complex team games such as football or soccer. According to Mead s (1972) symbolic interaction approach,Read MoreObesity : The Disease Of The 21st Century947 Words à |à 4 Pagesworld s population now considered to be overweight or obese. There are many factors in todayââ¬â¢s society that contribute to this growing epidemic including media, technology and demographics. With the media having more influence over our daily habits now more than ever, it is extremely easy to slip into a lifestyle that will lead to weight related health issues. By examining the ways the media influences our daily lives, one can see that the media began as a bad influence for our unhealthyRead MoreMedia s Influence On Society1256 Words à |à 6 PagesThe media are full of countless things, they have completely changed the world we live in and are now a part of our everyday lives (Bookman, 64). With television, radio, newspapers, books, etcâ⬠¦ working their way into our everyday lives it is almost impossible to live without the media. Along with it being persuasive, informative and a great source for entertainment, it also has a large binding influence on societies all over the world. Media aspects are radically reshaping the world (Marina 240) georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-7255749911363230692019-12-10T01:24:00.001-08:002019-12-10T01:24:05.707-08:00Presentation of Financial Statements Cash Flow Question: Discuss about the Presentation of Financial Statements for Cash Flow. Answer: 1.The various requisite ratios are calculated for the year 2016 (Damodaran, 2008). Rate of return on total assets = (EBIT/Average Total Assets)*100 Average Total Assets = (29935000 + 28045000)/2 = $ 28,990,000 Ratio for 2016 = (6270000+1560000)/28990000)*100 = 27% Rate of return on ordinary equity = (Net profit after taxes/Shareholders equity)*100 Ratio for 2016 = (4362000/14215000)*100 = 30.69% Profit margin = (Net income/Revenue)*100 Ratio for 2016 = (4362000/55000000)*100 = 7.93% Earnings per share = (Net income Dividends on preference dividends)/Total outstanding shares Ratio for 2016 = (4362000-50000)/7200000) = 60 cents Price-earnings ratio = Price per share/Earnings per share Ratio for 2016 = 12/0.6 = 20 Dividend yield = (Dividend per share/Price per share)*100 Dividend paid per share = (2702000/7200000) = $ 0.375 Ratio for 2016 = (0.375/12)*100 = 3.125 Dividend payout = (Dividends per share/Earnings per share)*100 Ratio for 2016 = (0.375/0.6)*100 = 62.5% Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities Ratio for 2016 = (12745000/5780000) = 2.21:1 Quick Ratio = (Current Assets inventory)/ Current Liabilities Ratio for 2016 = (12745000-7000000)/5780000) = 1:1 Receivables Turnover = Credit Sales/Average receivables Average Receivables = (4100000 + 3675000)/2 = $ 3,887,500 Assuming all sales were credit sales, credit sales = $ 55,000,000 Ratio for 2016 = (55000000/3887500) = 14.15 days Inventory Turnover = Cost of goods sold/Average inventory Average Inventory = (7000000+6930000)/2 = $ 6,965,000 Cost of goods sold = $ 35,100,000 Ratio for 2016 = (35100000/6965000) = 5.04 days Debt Ratio = (Total Liabilities/Total Assets)*100 Ratio for 2016 = (15720000/29935000)*100 = 52.5% Times interest earned = EBIT/Interest Charges Ratio for 2016 = (6270000+1560000)/1560000 = 5.02 Assets Turnover = Sales/Total Assets Ratio for 2016 = (55000000/29935000) = 1.84 Profitability With regards to profitability, the company is superior to the industry average which is apparent from the companys higher ROE (Return on equity) and profit margin. However, the return on total assets is lower than the corresponding industry average which is attributed to lower asset turnover of the company. Additionally, superior profitability indirectly is also reflected in the various market ratios whereby the company has a superior EPS as compared to the industry average while contribute to relatively higher P/E (Parrino Kidwell, 2011, p.90). Liquidity With regards to liquidity, the company is inferior to the industry average as the current asset and acid ratio for the company are lesser than the industry average. However, these ratios are slightly lower than the industry average and therefore there are no concerns with regards to short term liquidity as of yet but going forward the company should be considerate towards this aspect. This is also confirmed from the higher times interest earned ratio for the company as compared to the industry average (Petty et. al., 2015, p. 103-104). Financial Gearing It is apparent that the debt ratio for the company is inferior as compared to the industry average. This is indicative of the fact that the company should be considerate with regards to raising more debt in the future as the business risk may increase and also the debt cost may increase. However, at the present the debt levels are not a matter of concern (Brigham Ehrhardt ,2013, p. 72). 2. In order to ascertain, whether the chef can be ascertained as an asset or not, it is imperative to analyse the definition of asset. An asset may be defined as any resource from which it is likely that future economic benefits would arise and it could be controlled by the relevant entity. In the given case, the chef would lead to future economic benefits for the restaurant in the form of attracting customers. However, the chef cannot be controlled as the chef may resign from the job at any juncture and the restaurant cannot force him to continue. Additionally, the restaurant on its own will cannot transfer the chef to some other restaurant or sell the chef to another restaurant. Hence, while the chef would bring future economic benefits but still it would not be termed as an asset. The chefs value also cannot be ascertained since it is not evident as to how long the chefs stay would be at the restaurant (AASB, 2011). Examples with regards to need of financial information are shown below. Manager of human resources He/She would need to take decisions with regards to future labour requirement and their exact skillset, the kind of training that must be granted to individuals based on their productivity at the job, hiring individuals based on the exact production and demand pattern along with ensuring that appropriate pay packages and incentives are designed keeping in mind the state of the company and its performance (Damodaran, 2008). Factory manager: He/She would need to take decisions with regards to total production and the production mix which would be based on accounting information such as past sales and future forecast. Additionally, key decisions would be required with regards to keeping the costs within the stipulated limits and make attempts to reduce the same so as to maximize the profitability margins. Besides, other overheads costs such as those incurred for ensuring occupational health along with employee safety also need to be considered (Petty et. al., 2015, p.5-6). Management of a AFL club: The management needs to take critical decision with regards to the player selection and underlying cost along with the cost of the coaching staff. Additionally, decision making would need to be done with regards to the coaching staff cost along with the overhead cost associated with training venue and equipment (Parrino Kidwell, 2011, p.4-5). The manager of a second hand clothes charity: The manager would need to make decision with regards to the amount of second hand clothes and therefore the amount of collection centers and their respective location. Further, these would need to be processed further so that they could be given to the needful and arrangements can be made so that this second hand cloth can be accessed and suitably processed in a timely manner (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008, p. 35). C) The impact of the various transactions on the financial statements is discussed below (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008, p. 732-734). There would be an increase of a non-current asset i.e. equipment while a decrease of a current asset i.e. cash in the balance sheet. Further, there would a decrease in the overall cash flow due to an outflow on account of investing activities in the cash flow statement. There would an increase in the current asset namely account receivable. Additionally, the income would also increase which would lead to increase in shareholders equity in the form of higher retained earnings. There would a decrease in the current asset i.e. cash which would be balanced by the same decrease in the liability since it has been paid. Further, in the cash flow statement there would be a decrease in the cash which is most likely to arise from operating activities. With regards to the balance sheet, there would be an increase in the current asset i.e. cash while there would also be an increase in the equity i.e. share capital. Besides, there would be an increase in the cash inflow from financing activities in the cash flow statement. Also, the equity would increase in statement capturing equity change. With regards to the balance sheet, there would be an increase in cash at hand which would be balanced by a decrease in the amount of accounts receivable. Also, the cash would increase from operating activities in the cash flow statement. With regards to the balance sheet, there is a decrease in the current asset i.e. cash and also the equity would decrease on account of lower retained earnings. The expenses would increase and hence would lead to decrease in the income. As a result, there would be a decrease in the cash inflow arising from operating activities of the cash flow statement. With regards to the balance sheet, there would an increase in the current liability on account of accounts payable which would be balanced by a decrease in the shareholders equity. The expense would increase in the income statement and in equity change statement, the equity would decrease due to decline in the income. With regards to the balance sheet, there would an increase in the current asset i.e. cash while the non-current asset would decrease due to sale of equipment. Also, if the sale of equipment involves some profit, the equity would also increase. Further, in case of profit on sale, the income would increase in the income statement. On account of cash inflow from investing activities, there would an increase in cash in the cash flow statement. Also, in case of profit, equity needs to be increased in equity change statement. With regards to the balance sheet, there would be a decrease in the current asset i.e. cash and also proportionate decrease in the share capital or equity. Also, there would be increased cash outflow on account of financing activities which would decrease the cash in the cash flow statement. Further, the equity would be decreased in the equity change statement. With regards to the balance sheet, there would be an increase in the current assets i.e. cash while the non-current liability would increase in the form of borrowings. Also, there would be increased cash inflow on account of financing activities which would lead to increase in cash in the cash flow statement. References AASB 2011, Presentation of Financial Statements, AASB Website, Available online from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB101_09-07_COMPmay11_07-11.pdf (Accessed on August 20, 2016) Brealey, R, Myers, S Allen, F 2008, Principles of Corporate Finance (Global edition), 10th edn, McGraw Hill Publications, New York,Brigham, EF Ehrhardt, MC 2013. Financial Management: Theory Practice, 14th edn., South-Western College Publications, New YorkDamodaran, A 2008, Corporate Finance, 2nd edn, Wiley Publications, London Parrino, R Kidwell, D 2011, Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, 3rd edn, Wiley Publications, London Petty, JW, Titman, S, Keown, AJ, Martin, P, Martin JD Burrow, M 2015, Financial Management: Principles and Applications,6th edn, Pearson Australia, Sydney georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-14726442759296848352019-12-02T13:06:00.001-08:002019-12-02T13:06:02.602-08:00The Dietary Needs Of Individuals At Different Life Stages Essay ExampleThe Dietary Needs Of Individuals At Different Life Stages Essay Everybodyââ¬â¢s dietary needs depend on a lot of different factors. One of the main stages that is dependant is life stages (New born, Adolescent, Adult and Pensioners). A balanced diet is a diet that has a varied amount of foods or nutrients (Carbohydrates, Minerals and Fruit and Vegetables etc). This is so that the individual eats healthy amounts according to their needs but each person has different needs. Life Stages: Infancy 0-3 Years ââ¬â New born babies are very good when eating foods as their needs are simple. They need milk and water and this meets all of their needed nutrients. Babies can be given milk through a bottle or the mother can breast feed. There are my benefits of breast feeding and they are: It contains all nutrients in correct amounts. It contains antibodies that protect new born against diseases in the first few months of life. It is clean whereas the bottle may contain bacteria etc. It is already produced by the mother and it can be given in the correct portions. Breast milk does not cause allergies so the baby will be safe. We will write a custom essay sample on The Dietary Needs Of Individuals At Different Life Stages specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Dietary Needs Of Individuals At Different Life Stages specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Dietary Needs Of Individuals At Different Life Stages specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When the baby is being carried in the womb and at birth, the mother of the child is encouraged to breastfeed for at least a few weeks after the babyââ¬â¢s birth. On the other hand some women chose that they donââ¬â¢t want to breast feed or sometimes they canââ¬â¢t as a result they use formula milk (modified cowââ¬â¢s milk). The infantââ¬â¢s kidneys and digestive system is not fully matured when they are born so it is vital that the mothers follow instructions on how to prepare the bottle to reduce the risk of infection. This is why breastfeeding is an easier option. 6 Months Old ââ¬â This is the age where most babies are introduced into solid foods such as rusks (baby biscuits) and this process is called weaning. Weaning is started around the sixth month of the newborns life. Moreover, this will avoid damage to the young kidneys and obesity and allergies. 8 Months Old ââ¬â At this stage in the toddlersââ¬â¢ life more solid foods are introduced into the babyââ¬â¢s diet such as cereals and pureed fruit and vegetables. As time goes on the baby gets older and it grows bigger so lumpier foods are put into the diet however this can be different to other babies as they all grow and mature at different ages. Sometimes it takes babies longer than others to chew and swallow lumps. 12-18 Months Old ââ¬â At this age the baby can now be given cow milk which is full fat and now they should be eating a varied amount of foods that help them to have a balanced diet. Using the milk as food will not be necessary because as they grow older they begin to eat solid foods with the family. Skimmed milk should only be given to children after the age of five. It is important that up to the age of three they have a lot of iron-rich foods. When the children begin weaning they begin to move around a lot and use up more energy so their diet must contain more carbohydrates which provide a good source of energy for crawling and walking youngsters. Childhood: Ages 4-10 ââ¬â At this stage in the childââ¬â¢s life they are beginning to explore the world and this is the start of their education so their diet should reflect their growing needs. They still need a lot of energy but this will differ due to every child having a different sized body and they will have a different stomach to adults). This is vital for the childrenââ¬â¢s nutrition. Parents are advised to give their children healthy snacks and meals so as they grow up this will be part of their routine and they will have a healthy body. Mainly other foods like sweets, fizzy drinks and fatty foods are certainly meant to be avoided because it can cause health problems such as obesity however they can be given as treats. A good time to eat these foods is after meal times as it avoids tooth decay. It is also good to have the children show manners and social skills by eating with a knife and fork and drinking from a cup when at the table. It is also vital that the child learns how to brush their teeth so they stay healthy and this will eventually become a habit. Adolescence: 11-18 Years Old ââ¬â Adolescencesââ¬â¢ grow very quickly as this is where there is a big change in a person for example they grow taller and put on weight. There are physical changes both externally and internally. All of these changes require energy so an adolescencesââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ appetite can be large as they crave foods which are fatty which causes the weight increase however they should still eat balanced foods. A diet that is high in fats, sugars and salt may result in health problems such as obesity, diabetes and heart disease which will develop as they grow older. It is important that adolescences take part in exercise which will help them to stay fit and lose weight but also its main benefit will be to avoid these health problems. At this age they should be told about the risks of severe dieting that some teenagers are susceptible to. Adults: 19-65 Years ââ¬â Adults need to maintain a healthy and balanced diet. Their ages will decide how much food they should eat and how much carbohydrates and fats to avoid. This will prevent heart disease, obesity and diabetes. Adultsââ¬â¢ nutritional requirements reduce as they grow older because they become less able to do physical exercise. They are advised to do some exercise so their body stays healthy and this could result in people living longer. Also as people become adults they are allowed to drink alcohol so there are safe intake measurements with both men and women. Men should consume 21 units and Women should consume 14 units. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding ââ¬â During teenage pregnancy girls are more likely to suffer with nutrient deficiencies as their bodies are still growing and changing as a result it is vital that they eat more foods as they now have the job of feeding the foetus and because their pregnant they provide breast milk. When an adult is pregnant their nutritional needs increase slightly to help the foetus develop and also the placenta which guards the baby. The figure of speech,ââ¬â¢eating for twoââ¬â¢ is known and used by many people but this is not completely true. It is more important that they eat a well balanced diet instead of eating lots of foods. If the pregnancy is planned it is advised that woman have more folic acid in their diet maybe in the form of a tablet. Folic acid has been proven to lower the risk of spina bifida in the foetus. If the family of the baby have a good diet then this can be passed down to the baby for example if a person like brussell sprouts this is down to the genes. Older People: 65 Years and Older ââ¬â As we grow older our bodies become less able to do things like exercise and so our need for energy decreases slightly. Even though they donââ¬â¢t need a lot of food older people still need energy from foods. The sources needed are proteins, vitamins and minerals. Some older people may not eat enough food and so they canââ¬â¢t have a balanced diet with a good amount of nutrition. One of the reasons why they donââ¬â¢t eat enough could be due to depression or being alone. Sometimes if they lose their partners then they may not feel like cooking and they lose their appetite. In order to maintain their appetite they are advised to cook tasty and easy nutritious meals. This will help them to avoid illness. If they do exercise here and there then they will be healthy physically and mentally and this will increase their social wellbeing. Concept of a Balanced Diet Intake and Needs ââ¬â Apart from breast milk there is no other single food that provides nutrients for a healthy and balanced diet as a result we have to eat a varied amount of foods to keep us healthy. Usually there are no unhealthy foods as such as it is just unbalanced amounts of foods that can cause consequences as health problems. Energy Balance ââ¬â The term energy balance means how much energy is taken into their bodies and given out but they are both equal. Energy intake is mainly from carbohydrates and fats in diet and the output is the energy that is used during everyday processes like breathing, moving and metabolism. If the energy input is more than the output then the extra bit is stored as fat as it cannot be given off. Over a long period of time this fat will cause chronic conditions like obesity. Children will need a higher intake of energy as they are now at the stage where theyââ¬â¢re growing rapidly. Since the mid-twentieth century people living in developed countries have become less active due to the changes in work, transport and technology and this can have a bad impact on their health as this causes obesity. Dietary Reference Values: Dietary reference values were developed by the department of health 1991 to replace recommended daily amounts (RDAââ¬â¢S). DRV are a suggested amount of energy and nutrient intakes and they should not be taken in as exact amounts. They are just guidelines for people of the same age group and they show an estimate of how much energy and nutrients should be taken in and sometimes if can be decided by the gender. These recommendations show what people need for good health. Even though DRV are given as daily intakes, people donââ¬â¢t eat the same foods every day and so their appetite can change. Consequently the intakes of energy and nutrients are averaged over several days moreover DRV only apply to healthy people. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-32904245208890456472019-11-27T03:13:00.001-08:002019-11-27T03:13:07.281-08:00Prime Minister Joe Clark BiographyPrime Minister Joe Clark Biography At the age of 39, Joe Clark became the youngest Prime Minister of Canada in 1979. A fiscal conservative, Joe Clark, and his minority government were defeated after just nine months in power on a non-confidence motion on a budget of tax increases and program cuts. After losing the 1980 election, Joe Clark stayed on as Leader of the Opposition. When Brian Mulroney took over as Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in 1983 and then Prime Minister in 1984, Joe Clark continued as an effective Minister of External Relations and Minister for Constitutional Affairs. Joe Clark left politics in 1993 to work as an international business consultant, but returned as Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party from 1998 to 2003. Prime Minister of Canada:à 1979-80Birth:à June 5, 1939, in High River, AlbertaEducation:à BA - Political Science - University of Alberta, MA - Political Science - University of AlbertaProfessions:à Professor and international business consultantPolitical Affiliation:à Progressive ConservativeRidings (Electoral Districts):à Rocky Mountain 1972-79, Yellowhead 1979-93, Kings-Hants 2000, Calgary Centre 2000-04 Political Career of Joe Clark Joe Clark began his political career as Director of Organization for the Alberta Progressive Conservative Party from 1966 to 1967. He was Special Assistant to a Conservative member of parliament Davie Fulton in 1967. He served as Executive Assistant to a Conservative member of parliament Robert Stanfield from 1967 to 1970. Joe Clark was first elected to the House of Commons in 1972. He was elected as Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in 1976 and was Leader of the Opposition until 1979. Joe Clark was sworn in as Prime Minister of Canada after the 1979 general election. The Conservative government was defeated in 1980. Joe Clark was again Leader of the Opposition from 1890 to 1983. Joe Clark called a Progressive Conservative Party leadership convention and lost the party leadership to Brian Mulroney in 1983. In the Mulroney government, Joe Clark served as Minister of External Affairs from 1984 to 1991. He was President of the Privy Council and Minister Responsible for Constitutional Affairs from 1991 to 1993. Joe Clark did not run in the 1993 general election. Joe Clark returned as Leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in 1998. He was re-elected to the House of Commons in 2000. In 2002, Joe Clark said he had carried the Progressive Conservative Party as far as he could. Joe Clarks resignation as Progressive Conservative Party leader was effective at the leadership convention in May 2003. Unhappy with the subsequent merger of the Progressive Conservative Party and the Alliance Party into the new Conservative Party of Canada, Joe Clark decided not to run in the 2004 general election. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-35851369657081891512019-11-23T10:47:00.001-08:002019-11-23T10:47:04.623-08:00French Impersonal ExpressionsFrench Impersonal Expressions Impersonal expressions are those which do not have a specific subject. In grammatical terms, impersonal does not mean cold, but rather invariable by grammatical person. There are a few things you need to know about French impersonal expressions: The French impersonal subject is either il or ce, whereas the English impersonal subject is it.All of the French impersonal expressions can begin with il est or cest with no difference in meaning; however, cest is less formal than il est. Therefore, cest is more common in spoken French, while il est is more common in written French. (Note: this applies to ilà est and cest only in impersonal expressions; in other constructions, there is a difference: cest vs il est) There are essentially two different types of constructions with impersonal expressions - either they are followed by que and a subordinate clause, or they are followed by a preposition and infinitive. With Que When using il est or cest adjective followed by que, the verb in the subordinate clause may need to be in the indicative or subjunctive, depending on the meaning of the impersonal expression:Il est probable que David le fait / Cest probable que David le fait.Its probable that David is doing it.Il est possible que David le fasse / Cest possible que David le fasse.Its possible that David is doing it. Without Que In expressions with il est or cest adjective followed by a preposition and infinitive, the choice of preposition depends on the type of subject:a) When the impersonal subject is a dummy subject, you need the preposition de, and there are two possible constructions:impersonal expression de intransitive infinitiveIl est difficile de parler / Cest difficile de parler.Its hard to speak. (Speaking is hard)orimpersonal expression de transitive infinitive direct objectIl est important de dire la và ©rità © / Cest important de dire la và ©rità ©.Its important to tell the truth.b) When the impersonal subject is a real subject and the infinitive is used intransitively as a passive infinitive, you must use the preposition :Il est bon savoir / Cest bon savoir.Thats good to know.Il est difficile faire / Cest difficile faire.Thats hard to do. Learn the Most Common French Impersonal Expressions Many impersonal expressions require the subjunctive. To find out which ones, checkà The Subjunctivator!Il est bizarre / Cest bizarreIts oddIl està bonà / Cestà bonIts goodIl est certain / Cest certainIts certainIl est clair / Cest clairIts clear/obviousIl est convenable / Cest convenableIts proper/fittingIl est difficile / Cest difficileIts difficultIl està dommageà / Cestà dommageIts too badIl est douteux / Cest douteuxIts doubtfulIl est essentiel / Cest essentielIts essentialIl est à ©tonnant / Cest à ©tonnantIts amazingIl est à ©trange / Cest à ©trangeIts strangeIl est à ©videntà / Cest à ©videntIts obviousIl est facile / Cest facileIts easyIl est faux / Cest fauxIts falseIl est heureux / Cest heureuxIts fortunateIl est honteux / Cest honteuxIts shamefulIl est important / Cest importantIts importantIl est impossible / Cest impossibleIts impossibleIl est improbable / Cest improbableIts improbableIl est indispensableà / Cest indispensableIts essentialIl est i njuste / Cest injusteIts unfairIl est inutile / Cest inutileIts uselessIl està justeà / Cestà justeIts right/fairIl est naturel / Cest naturelIts naturalIl est nà ©cessaire / Cest nà ©cessaireIts necessaryIl est normal / Cest normalIts normalIl est obligatoire / Cest obligatoireIts necessaryIl està peuà probable / Cestà peuà probableIts not likelyIl est possible / Cest possibleIts possibleIl est probable / Cest probableIts probableIl est rare / Cest rareIts rareIl est regrettable / Cest regrettableIts regrettableIl est sà »r / Cest sà »rIts sure/certainIl est surprenant / Cest surprenantIts surprisingIl est temps / Cest tempsIts timeIl est triste / Cest tristeIts sadIl est urgent / Cest urgentIts urgentIl est utile / Cest utileIts usefulIl està vraià / Cestà vraiIts true georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-1083759949503071372019-11-21T04:49:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:49:08.524-08:00Does music work on the mind or the body Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsDoes music work on the mind or the body - Essay Example The most obvious property of music is its sound and this, in turn, is caused by actual occurrences in the physical world. Rodeway sums it up neatly when he writes: ââ¬Å"The auditory sense is primarily physical rather than chemical. The sound is concerned with motion or activity, that is with vibration and resonance of substances (air, water, solids). (Rodoway: 1994, p. 90) The human ear is the main receiver of sound and is able to detect the movement of air and distinguish variations in the sounds that are produced. There are, however, other parts of the body that are involved in listening to music, because the ear is part of a perceptual system, involving the whole human organism and elements of the environment which the listener and the music share. Anyone who has attended a rock concert is very aware of the physical sensation of vibration which occurs when base sounds are emitted from huge speakers with great intensity: the whole upper body feels the vibrations. Some high pitche d sounds are painful, causing the eyes to tighten up and the body to cringe. Observation of humans and animals as they react to music and other sounds reveals that movement of the head and shoulders towards the source of a sound often occurs so that both ears can be used to help locate the distance and direction accurately. Some animals like foxes and dogs have ears that face forward and can be swiveled left and right to focus more closely. The physical properties of the space in which music occurs are also important in determining how sound is received. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-85741848724135658112019-11-19T23:03:00.001-08:002019-11-19T23:03:02.738-08:00What is post-colonialism, and , with a focus on reflexivity, what is EssayWhat is post-colonialism, and , with a focus on reflexivity, what is its significance for understanding international relations - Essay Example post-colonial period can be defined as the period where formerly colonised countries came to discover their national identities and this was done in such a manner that there was an emphasis on the freedoms and greatness of local peoples and cultures over those of the colonisers. Therefore, post-colonialism follows an epistemological approach that attempts to address the politics of knowledge in such a manner that ensures a study of the decolonised people and its impact on their identity in the contemporary world. Post-colonialism is essential for the understanding of international relations because it not only compares relations between states before, during, and after colonialism, but it also provides an understanding have come to handle their colonial legacy in the context of interactions with other states. Reflexivity is normally considered to be a constant assessment of knowledge and how it is related to the ways of doing knowledge (Bryant, 2002; Flanagan, 1981). In this context, an individual attempts to assess post-colonialism from a personalised point of view so that he or she comes up with ideas that suggest how the period of post-colonialism has come to affect the relationships of states at an international level. A close study of literature concerning post-colonialism will be analysed and the information gathered applied to how it has come to affect international relations in the modern age. Post-colonialist writers such as Frantz Fanon state that colonialism was essentially destructive to the people who were colonised and this was mainly because of their being dehumanised by their colonisers (Fanon 1963, p.205). Fanon notes that colonialism worked towards the debasement of the human characteristics of the colonised, and this was done in such a manner that it was almost impossible for them to retain their self-esteem under the new circumstances in which they found themselves. The use of both physical and mental violence brought about a situation where georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-67625415431183021012019-11-17T11:33:00.001-08:002019-11-17T11:33:08.383-08:00Described by Dickens Essay Example for Free Described by Dickens Essay The extended metaphor at the end of the first chapter depicts the children as vessels or jars, to be filled to the top with facts until they are full. The metaphor portrays the children as inanimate objects, which shows the reader the arrogance of Gradgrind:à Vessels then and there arranged in order ready to have imperial gallons of facts poured into them until they were full to the brim.à Dickens describes them as if they are empty and know nothing. Therefore they have to learn facts whether they like it or not. The short sentences and repetition in the sentences of the opening of the second chapter aids the description of Gradgrind as it shows the reader there is no manipulating this man and what you see is what you get. He will never change his mind.à The extended metaphor, a kind of cannonaway shows the reader Gradgrinds idea of how children should be properly educated. He believes that imaginations are to be stormed away and children should mature through facts. He is described like a cannon loaded to the muzzle with facts this shows the harshness of his character and the machine-like qualities he holds. Sissy Jupe is described by Dickens as dark-eyed and dark-haired her skin is tanned as Sissy has grown up with the circus she has an interesting background and a creative imagination; she is not just filled with facts. The colour of her eyes and hair reflects her traveller background. Whereas, Bitzer is described by Dickens as light-eyed and light-haired. His skin seems to be white, in contrast to Sissys tanned complexion. This description shows the harshness of the Victorian education system, on his appearance. The audience has no sympathy for the coldness of his character even though he is seen as a model pupil from a model school by Gradgrind, who has forced out any imagination Bitzer had and filled him with facts. His description of a horse compared to Sissys attempt shows the reader the machine-like almost robotic manner in which he is able to reel off facts: Quadruped. Graminivorous.à His character is the opposite of Sissy. Gradgrind refers to her as a number, yet to Bitzer by name, as Sissy has only been at the school for a short time, but is referred to as Girl number twenty as she is new to the school her education is not as Gradgrind would like it to be, this in turn alienates her.à During the fifth chapter, we meet the characters Sissy and Bitzer again as their chase come to a halt when they bump into Gradgrind. After explaining why she was running, Gradgrind comments, as he cannot understand why Sissy should be run after: Run after? repeated Mr Gradgrind. Who would run after you?'à Gradgrind does not know Sissy, and sees her as an outcast. He does not see why she should be run after, and cannot understand why someone would want her. His question is answered when Bitzer enters in the next paragraph. He is described as the colourless boy. This creates lack of empathy in the reader towards Bitzer and how he has been manipulated by Gradgrind and the school. As Bitzer is running after Sissy, although described as without fancy (colourless), he still is a child as he was pulling faces to scare Sissy. Once escorted by Sissy to her home, we see Sissys fears of Gradgrind through the way she talks to him. She also seems embarrassed by the state of her home:à This is it, sir, and if you wouldnt mind, sir this is the house.à Sissys politeness to Gradgrind, as well as showing a well-mannered child also show how nervous she is around him, and the fear she has of him. Sissy is frightened of Gradgrind as she sees that as she is from a poor lifestyle, because of the shabbiness of her home, she will not be allowed to continue her studies, as those with a proper education will do better in the future. The audience empathises with Sissy because of this. In conclusion, Gradgrind has a stern manner and is very controlling of his pupils and his children because he is a very hard character he is a man of realities. Bitzer is a machine-like character; his white face reflects the coldness of his life with only facts in it. This contrasts to Sissys character, which is imaginative, because she lacks the proper formal education Bitzer has received. Hard Times is based on, and shows, Dickenss view of rejection, to the callous determination of Victorian greed. The audience empathises with Sissy the most as her character seems to be lost and the most fragile. The audience do not empathise with Gradgrind because of his stern and cold nature, which, as Bitzer becomes a model student, causes the audience to empathise with neither of the two characters. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-984517691636160828.post-28082480791495934482019-11-15T00:05:00.001-08:002019-11-15T00:05:04.594-08:00Essay --Introduction In past history crime already existed. Many factors led to crime like school riots, and police corruption. Focusing on the 1980s drug crimes was a big deal as Cuban immigrant migrated to Unites States, specifically Miami, Florida. The people started making by starting an operation on trading and selling drugs and cocaine illegally from Cuba to Florida. A movie that perfectly fit into this category of crime during this time is, ââ¬Å"Scarfaceâ⬠. The main plot of the movie is a Cuban immigrant took over a drug cartel business while giving into greed. This paper will use criminological theories to explain crime in the movie, ââ¬Å"Scarfaceâ⬠. The following will reveal how classical theory, different association theory and institutional anomie theory are applied to the movie. Summary of "Scarface" It start with a Cuban immigrant named Tony Montana, when he got to Florida he was questioned by police authority as a result Tony was put in a camp with other Cubans as the authority was suspicious of him when he told them he has nobody that his family dead and he just wanted to experience the American Dream. Both Tony and his best friend Manny was offered to be release from the camp and given green card by Frank Lopez if they kill a former aide to Fidel Castro, Emilio Rebenga during a riot. After Tony and Manny got there green card they found a job as dishwasher in a fast food shop. Weeks later Frank's people came to Tony and Manny offering them another job to do for money. They accept the offer to trade in with Hector for drugs after consulting about how much they will get paid. As Tony and Manny go to their first drug dealing job it cause them a friend life and killing Hector. Frank immediately hired Tony and Manny seeing they got ... ...corruption. Another policy that might fix drug problems is law enforcement should be more focus on stopping or confiscating drugs from entering United States. We could have more checkpoints to stop drug from going through to America. A good policy should be teenagers are requiring participating in a program where we give them more knowledge of drug so we give them something to think about their future if they want to be success or ruin them with drugs. Conclusion Today all drugs are still part of the problem in committing crimes. Society and the police should really think about more effective policies or plans to stop this before it get worse. Of course there are more factors why criminal are criminal today but these three theories stood out in the movie ââ¬Å"Scarfaceâ⬠, how itââ¬â¢s about the learning, the benefits, and monetary which motivated people to become criminal. georgiacook1990http://www.blogger.com/profile/05624074701460120831noreply@blogger.com0